The effect of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in the eastern Pacific on the North American monsoon is documented using NCEP–NCAR reanalysis and daily mean precipitation data from 1958 to 2003. It is found that positive zonal wind anomalies in the eastern tropical Pacific lead to above-normal precipitation in northwest Mexico and Arizona from several days to over a week later. This connectio...

Internal gravity waves influence a variety of phenomena in Earth’s stratosphere and upper troposphere, including aviation weather turbulence and circulations that set high-altitude distributions of ozone and greenhouse gases. Here coupling between the dominant mode of subseasonal variability of the equatorial atmosphere—the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO)—and subtropical stratospheric gravity w...

Changes in the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) with increasing CO2 concentrations are examined using the Goddard Institute for Space Studies Global Climate Model (GCM). Four simulations performed with fixed CO2 concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 times preindustrial levels using the GCM coupled with a mixed layer ocean model are analyzed in terms of the basic state, rainfall, moisture and zonal ...

The land-sea surface temperature contrast on the western coast of Sumatra Island was examined using observation data obtained from the pre-Years of the Maritime Continent (YMC) field campaign from November to December 2015. Surface observations showed that, on most days, strong daytime solar radiation caused a pronounced diurnal cycle in surface air temperatures on the island, even during the l...

In this paper, we report the triggering effect of extratropical perturbation on the onset of an atypical Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and onset of the 2015-16 El Niño in March 2015. The MJO exhibited several unique characteristics: the effect of extratropical forcing, atypical genesis location and timing in the equatorial western Pacific, and the extremity of amplitudes in many aspects. The ...

A new model of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is presented. Cloudradiation interactions in this model make the tropical atmosphere susceptible to large-scale radiative-convective overturning. The modeled MJO takes the form of such an instability, though its behavior is substantially modified by the effects of surface heat flux variability. The dynamics of the disturbance in the model are q...

Spontaneous transition to superrotation in warm climates simulated by CAM3" (2010). [1] Recent paleoclimate proxy reconstructions show that tropical surface temperatures may have been as high as 35°–40°C in the Early Cenozoic. Here, we study the tropical atmospheric circulation's response to temperatures in this range using a full‐complexity atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM). We find...

Most studies of the impact sea surface temperature (SST) have explored rainfall in a part Indonesia. This paper takes different approach and explores air-sea coupling interaction between Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) SST on variability East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). study uses daily observation from some NTT seasonal zone (ZOM) 1991to 2016. Meanwhile, gridded data around was obtained Japan Meteoro...

This study investigated the seasonal environmental characteristics for tropical cyclone genesis (TCG) over the Indian Ocean during the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in the Year 2011 and the Dynamics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) (CINDY2011/DYNAMO) field experiment and compare them with long-term climatological features. It was found that the spatial p...

A procedure is presented to estimate the role of atmospheric stochastic forcing (SF) in El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) simulated by a coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation model (CGCM), in direct comparison to observations represented by a global reanalysis product. SF is extracted from the CGCM and reanalysis as surface wind anomalies linearly independent of the seasurface temperat...