abstract: background and aim:  micro-ultrasonic tips are similar to hand instruments in their clinical application of subgingival scaling.  in spite of their favorable results, excessive penetration of mini-insert ultrasonic scalers to the bottom of gingival pocket may cause harmful effects. the aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of root instrumentation with gracey curettes ...

osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease.the main pathologic manifestation of disease is local destruction of cartilage in diarthrodial joint. new bone formation in marginal surface of the joint is a sign progressive disease. many systemic and local factors are introduced in initiate and progression of osteoarthritis include: age, sex, weight, race, genetic background, bone densitometry,...

Both the hopcount HN (the number of links) and the weight WN (the sum of the weights on links) of the shortest path between two arbitrary nodes in the complete graph KN with i.i.d. exponential link weights is computed. We consider the joint distribution of the pair (HN,WN ) and derive, after proper scaling, the joint limiting distribution. One of the results is that HN and WN , properly scaled,...

this experiment was conducted to determine gene action for different traits of chickpea including days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, 100-seed weight, number of primary branches, and number of pods per plant and seed yield since 2006 to 2009 in sararood dry land research sub institute in kermanshah. five genotypes arman, hashem, ilc588, iccv2 and ilc3279 were selected and cro...

Techniques for the separate/joint optimization of error-feedback and realization are developed to minimize the roundoff noise subject to l2-norm dynamic-range scaling constraints for a class of 2-D state-space digital filters. In the joint optimization, the problem at hand is converted into an unconstrained optimization problem by using linearalgebraic techniques. The unconstrained problem obta...

A dilation equation is a functional equation of the form f(t) = ∑N k=0 ck f(2t − k), and any nonzero solution of such an equation is called a scaling function. Dilation equations play an important role in several fields, including interpolating subdivision schemes and wavelet theory. This paper obtains sharp bounds for the Hölder exponent of continuity of any continuous, compactly supported sca...

due to cereal are affected by drought stress in their lifetime. in order to study gene action of bread wheat under drought stress condition, a generation mean analysis was performed using f1, f2 and f3 generations derived from roushan and kavir. generation mean analysis was performed based on joint scaling test. genetic parameters including additive effect (d), dominance effect (h), additive×ad...

Now we continue working with the Bulk scaling limiting, i.e., we are looking for a n and b n such that b n (Λ n − a n) converges to a " nice " limit as a point process. In the previous lecture, we have already found the Bulk scaling. From now on, we are trying to identify the limit. Recall that: • For |c| < 2, we will use the Bulk scaling σ(c) √ n(Λ n −σ(c) √ n), where σ(x) = 1 2π √ 4 − x 2 1 |...