In human body movement simulation such as vertical jump by a forward dynamic model, optimal control theories must be used. In the recent years, new methods were created for solving optimization problems which they were adopted from animal behaviors and environment events such as Genetic algorithm, Particle swarm and Imperialism competitive. In this work, the skeletal model was constructed by Ne...

In this research, as the main contribution, a comprehensive study is carried out on the mathematical modeling and analysis of the inverse kinematics and dynamics of an over-constraint three translational degree-of-freedom parallel manipulator. Due to the inconsistency between the number of equations and unknowns, the problem of obtaining the constraint forces and torques of an over-constraint m...

aim: abnormal joint mobility is an important factor in movement dysfunction and physical disability. a general lack of descriptive details exists for measurements of hip rotation range of motion (rom). this study was designed to establish the influence of hip position on active and passive range of motion of the hip in external and internal rotation(ext & int rot). material & methods: ...

in this research, the influence of bolt preload on the fatigue strength of 2024-t3 aluminium alloy double lap bolted joints has been studied experimentally and numerically. to do so, three sets of the specimens were prepared and each of them subjected to tightening torque of 1,2.5 and 5 n-m and then fatigue tests were conducted under various cyclic axial load levels. in the numerical method, th...

abstract   background: sacroiliac joint (sij) dysfunction is a widely known but poorly defined   cause of low back pain. to our knowledge, few published studies have been   conducted to evaluate systematically the prevalence and significance of concomitant   sacroiliac joint dysfunction in patients with herniated lumbar discs. as concomitant   sij dysfunction in low back pain patients is likely...

abstract   background: sacroiliac joint (sij) dysfunction is a widely known but poorly defined cause of low back pain. to our knowledge, few published studies have been conducted to evaluate systematically the prevalence and significance of concomitant sacroiliac joint dysfunction in patients with herniated lumbar discs. as concomitant sij dysfunction in low back pain patients is likely to resp...

Purpose: Everything that impairs joint proprioception system can harm joints. It has been stated that stretching exercises can change properties of the proprioceptive receptors and as a result changes the sensibility of the joints proprioception. Due to fact that static stretching has greater use between athletes, it is necessary to give useful information about the safety of these stretch...

   Background: In this feasibility study, a mechanically loaded in-vitro tissue culture model of joint morphogenesis using the isolated lower extremity of the 8 day old chick embryo was developed to assess the effects of mechanical loading on joint morphogenesis. Methods: The developed in-vitro system allows controlled flexion and extension of the chick embryonic knee with a range of motion of ...

In this paper attempts have been done to create a mortar with relatively high uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), easy casting, high flexibility, instant hardening, low cost and easy availability. The main use of this material is to physically model the mechanical behavior of jointed rock-like blocks. The effect of four parameters such as joint roughness coefficient (JRC), bridge length (L), b...