Purpose: The publication of the compendium Pantegni by Constantinus Africanus in monastery Monte Cassino eleventh century CE was a pivotal moment history medicine Western Europe. work is predominantly based on Liber regalis Haly Abbas (Baghdad, tenth CE). earliest available manuscript (KB 73 J6) handwritten and has been supervised himself. It includes chapter ocular anatomy. In this paper we tr...

Background: This research aims to examine the current validity and usage of information on 'fractures', 'dislocations' 'sprains' written by Haly Abbas in medical encyclopedia named Kāmil al-Ṣināʿa al-Ṭibbiyya. Methods: In this qualitative study, 9th article 2nd volume encyclopedic medicine book al-Ṭibbiyya, called "Manual Treatment Diseases" was used. The related examined sections including fra...