Examples of immunological reactions to arthropod parasites include responses by hosts to the following stimuli: excretory and secretory antigens produced by myiasis-producing larvae or skin-dwelling (mange) mites salivary antigens of blood-sucking arthropods. In many cases, these are hypersensitivity reactions, which often appear not to produce very deleterious effects on the parasites. However...

Four species of ticks were retrieved from burrows of 64 multimammate rats, Mastomys erythroleucus (Temminck), 55-gerbils, Taterillus gracilis (Thomas) or T. pygargus (Cuvier), 13 Nile rats, Arvicanthis niloticus (DeMarest), and five Geoffroy's ground squirrels, Xerus erythropus (Geoffroy) from May 1987 through August 1988 at two study sites in northern Senegal. Ornithodoros sonrai Sautet & Witk...

Ticks were collected at irregular intervals from December 1995 to November 1996 from wildlife on Mtendere Game Ranch in the Chisamba District of Central Province, Zambia. Total collections were made from two species of ground-nesting birds and 20 species of small and large mammals. Thirteen species/subspecies of ixodid ticks were recovered. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus was the most abundant, fo...

A molecular survey was performed for identification Theileria spp in sheep and ticks during from 2010-2011 in Fasa and Kazeroun areas, Fars province, Iran. A total of 100 sheep from different flocks were clinically examined and blood samples with ixodid ticks collected. The prepared blood smears from capillary vein of ear were stained with giemsa methods and examined by using light microscope. ...

background : this comprehensive study was conducted on multi-purpose one-humped camel ( camelus dromedarius ) sera and ticks to assess the epidemiological aspects of the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) in northeast iran. methods : from may 2012 to january 2013, eleven cities were randomly selected in the khorasan provinces of iran as “clusters,” and at least 14 one-humped camels w...

A study was conducted in Santa Cruz County to estimate the prevalence and distribution of the agents of Lyme disease, human granulocytic (HGE), and human monocytic (HME) ehrlichiosis in 1,187 adult ixodid ticks collected from eight public-use recreation areas over a 2-yr period. Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, was detected by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 44 of...

Birds, particularly passerines, can be parasitized by Ixodid ticks, which may be infected with tick-borne pathogens, like Borrelia spp., Babesia spp., Anaplasma, Rickettsia/Coxiella, and tick-borne encephalitis virus. The prevalence of ticks on birds varies over years, season, locality and different bird species. The prevalence of ticks on different species depends mainly on the degree of feedi...

Previous studies have demonstrated that Thogoto virus is transmitted from infected to uninfected ticks when co-feeding on uninfected guinea-pigs, even though the guinea-pigs do not develop a detectable viraemia. Furthermore, tick to tick transmission is potentiated by factors associated with the salivary glands of ticks (saliva activated transmission). The vector efficiency of 2 ixodid tick spe...