BACKGROUND Bleeding irregularities, such as intermenstrual spotting or heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, are common among copper-containing intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) users and are one of the leading reasons for method discontinuation. This review evaluates the evidence for effective therapeutic and preventive treatments for bleeding irregularities during Cu-IUD use. STUDY DESIGN We se...

BACKGROUND We describe the rationale and protocol for a randomized noninferiority controlled trial (RCT) to determine if the Flexi-T380(+) copper intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) is comparable in terms of effectiveness and expulsion rates to the most common Canadian IUD currently in use, NovaT-200, when placed immediately after a first-trimester abortion. METHODS/DESIGN Consenting wome...

OBJECTIVE To determine risk factors affecting the incidence of intrauterine device (IUD) insertion-related complications and failures and, in particular, whether postcoital IUD insertions have a higher incidence of complications than routine IUD insertions. DESIGN Retrospective case notes analysis. PARTICIPANTS The study examined 545 case notes of patients having IUD insertions at East Ches...

BACKGROUND IUD is one of the safest and most widely used reversible methods of contraception. The purpose of this study was to determine IUD survival and reasons for early discontinuation in Bandar Abbas, south of Iran. METHODS Probability of IUD continuation rate and factors associated with discontinuation were assessed in a historical cohort study of 400 women records from March 2002 to Feb...

BACKGROUND The first Lippes Loop intrauterine device (IUD) was introduced in 1962. It was a plastic double "S" loop, a trapezoid shaped IUD that closely fit around the contours of the uterine cavity, reducing the incidence of expulsion. This IUD was commonly used from the 1960's to the 1980's. Some authors state that the IUD can be left in the uterine cavity for an indefinite amount of time. Pr...

Background: The pregnancy induced hypertensive (PIH) mothers are at greater risk for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and intrauterine death of foetus (IUD). But currently there are no suitable early indicators of PIH mothers at risk of IUGR and IUD. Aims/objectives: To assess the various routinely measured hematological parameters in assessment of PIH mothers at risk of IUGR and IUD. Met...

The aim was to evaluate the effect of diclofenac on uterine artery blood flow resistance during the first day of menstruation. A total of 28 regularly menstruating women were examined longitudinally with and without a copper intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) by transvaginal colour Doppler ultrasonography. The uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) was first measured, after which 50 mg of d...

OBJECTIVE To determine women's (patients') experiences of intrauterine device (IUD) insertion under our current practice and the extent to which these agreed with the observations of the health professionals (providers) who had performed the IUD insertion procedures. METHOD Questionnaires were used to collect information on women's experiences of the IUD insertion procedure from both patients...

The intrauterine device (IUD), one of the most effective and most common methods of reversible contraception, is used by millions of women worldwide. Although various studies indicate the benefits of its use as a contraceptive method, the greatest concern regarding IUDs is the potential risk for infection. The presence of the IUD gives a solid surface for bacterial attachment and biofilm format...

Background: Uterine perforation is the most serious complication associated with an intrauterine contracep­ tive device (IUD). Minimally invasive techniques, such as hysteroscopy and advanced laparoscopy, are ideally suited to the diagnosis and surgical management of the perforated IUD. Case Reports: Three cases of uterine perforation caused by an IUD and treated with endoscopic surgery are pre...