The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether multiple-choice item difficulty could be predicted either by a subjective judgment by the question author or by applying a learning taxonomy to the items. Eight physiology faculty members teaching an upper-level undergraduate human physiology course consented to participate in the study. The faculty members annotated questions before exams with ...

The effects of increasing the number of items to be remembered on associative recognition and cued recall were examined. Thirty participants were asked during encoding to determine whether two- and three-item stimuli contained natural objects, artificial objects, or both. In an associative recognition task, the participants indicated whether the stimuli were identical to those presented during ...

In this work we describe our preliminary research on designing 3D Multimedia Visual Discrimination tests based on an innovative item type called the 2 Alternative Forced Choice (2AFC). We evaluate how human discrimination capability varies with the representation of 3D objects in terms of the structure (mesh), surface colors (texture), size, distance, and complexity of objects. Performance resu...

Two statistical procedures were compared in terms of their ability to detect significant changes in item difficulty and item discrimination from pretest to national test administrations. These two procedures were a loglinear (LL) analysis and a logistic regression (LR) procedure. The results of this study showed that the two procedures were able to identify two items from an ACT Mathematics Usa...

Item response theory models are often applied when a number items are used to measure a unidimensional latent variable. Originally proposed within educational research, they are now also being used when focus is on e.g. physical functioning or psychological well-being. Modern applications often need more general models, typically models for multidimensional latent variables or longitudinal mode...

Abstract Although workplace age discrimination research has been recognized as increasingly important, much less agreement reached regarding the operationalization and measurement of discrimination. There are multiple scales, yet no systematic investigation potential convergence across those scales exists. We conducted two investigations that differ in characteristics (e.g., content domain). Fi...

A normative sample of 1,114 children was contrasted with a sample of 620 sexually abused children and 577 psychiatric outpatients on the Child Sexual Behavior Inventory (CSBI), a 38-item behavior checklist assessing sexual behavior in children 2 to 12 years old. The CSBI total score and each individual item differed significantly between the three groups after controlling for age, sex, maternal...

Does the United States afford people of different backgrounds a sense of equal identification with the nation? Past research has documented ethnic/racial group differences on levels of national identity but there has been little research examining what psychologically moderates these disparities. The present research investigates how perceived group discrimination is associated with national an...

In three experiments, we investigated the effects of word concreteness and encoding instructions on context-dependent discrimination in verbal contexts, using Murnane, Phelps, and Malmberg's (1999) ICE (item, context, ensemble) theory as the framework Word concreteness was manipulated within participants, and encoding was manipulated between participants. It was hypothesized that the magnitude ...