In both the United Kingdom and the USA the past year has seen an intense scrutiny by the regulatory authorities of competitive conditions in the food retail industry. In the United Kingdom, a 16-month Competition Commission inquiry into the possible existence of a monopoly situation in relation to the supply of groceries from supermarkets, which cost the industry and government an estimated »20...

Background Advocacy coalitions play an increasingly prominent role within the global health landscape, linking actors and institutions to attract political attention and resources. This paper examines how coalitions negotiate among themselves and exercise hidden forms of power to produce policy on the basis of their beliefs and strategic interests.   Methods This paper examines the beliefs and ...

The article analyzes tax competition, in particular, its subspecies — unfair as a problem that the international community, primarily OECD, has paid attention to. author compared signs of competition and offshore jurisdiction, which affect assessment policy state or territory terms taxation. In addition, presents an analysis state-legal status jurisdictions, can help further scientific research...

The importance of interspecific competition is a highly controversial and unresolved issue for community ecology in general, and for phytophagous insects in particular. Recent advancements, however, in our understanding of indirect (plant- and enemy-mediated) interactions challenge the historical paradigms of competition. Thus, in the context of this rapidly developing field, we re-evaluate the...

The purpose of the study was to find out pre-competition anxiety between national and state level women athletes. Due to the fact that during competition athletes’ mental state greatly affects their stamina explosion, which finally influence the result of final competition. Anxiety in sports is considered as an important issue for many athletes. It refers to a sort of nervous and fear emotion f...

competition is against monopoly and intellectual property creates monopoly for intellectual property owner. this article had been paid cooperation between apparently contradictory policies. exhaustion, parallel imports, compulsory license, intellectual property exploitation contract that coincide with competition are methods of cooperation between intellectual property and competition law. comp...

What is the effect of democratic competition on the power of elites to frame public opinion? We address this issue first by defining the range of competitive contexts that might surround any debate over a policy issue. We then offer a theory that predicts how audiences, messages, and competitive environments interact to influence the magnitude of framing effects. These hypotheses are tested usi...

Abstract O ne of the main criticisms of location models is simplistic assumptions concerning the consumers’ distribution on the street or city. The location models usually make use of uniform distribution of consumers while it is not true in reality, and mostly the consumers’ accumulation is more in the city centers rather than suburb areas. This study deals with selectio...

diversity of AI activities is manifested not only by papers and articles reflecting different projects and perspectives, but also in direct interactions between members of the AI community in conferences, workshops, exhibitions, and competitions. This issue of AI Magazine showcases the diversity of AI activities by accompanying its articles with an extensive set of reports on conferences and wo...