In addition to their use in the polyurethane and pesticide industries, isocyanates have proven to be useful probes for the exploration of protein structure. This paper focuses on three aspects of isocyanates: their broad reactivity, their reversible interaction with cholinesterases, and the relative hydrolysis rates of alkyl and aryl isocyanates. The broad reactivity of isocyanates as well as t...

The formulation, processing characteristics, microstructure and mechanical properties of a new structural foam, suitable for use at service temperatures up to 200°C, are reported. In each of these respects, the foam is compared to an existing material, called APO-BMI that is currently in use. When these two foams are directly compared, the new foam, called TEPIC, is found to be superior in its ...

Pulmonary function was assessed in male, F344 rats 1,2,4,7, and 13 weeks after a single 2-hr exposure to 0, 3, 10, or 30 ppm methyl isocyanate. No significant changes were observed in the rats exposed to 3 ppm through 13 weeks. Diffusing capacity (DLco), quasistatic lung compliance, and homogeneity of ventilation, as determined by multibreath nitrogen washout, were depressed in the rats exposed...

BACKGROUND Two outbreaks of allergic contact dermatitis caused by isocyanates at two companies in southern Sweden initiated a research project focusing on contact allergy to isocyanates. Within the project, there was an interest in determining how often contact allergy to the most common isocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (4,4'-MDI), occurred. OBJECTIVES To determine and compare th...

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Crystalline samples of three N-aroyl-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-3,5-diones have been prepared as the first examples of a novel class of compound that displays the reactivity of an acyl isocyanate when treated with nucleophiles.

BackgroundWork exposures play a significant role in adult-onset asthma, but the mechanisms of work-related asthma are not fully elucidated.ObjectiveWe aimed to reveal molecular associated with exposure flour (flour asthma), isocyanate (isocyanate or welding fumes (welding asthma) and identify potential biomarkers that distinguish these groups from each other.MethodsWe used combination clinical ...