نتایج جستجو برای: islet volumes
تعداد نتایج: 70205 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Islet cell killing mediated by natural killer cells and T-lymphocytes in diabetes-prone (DP) and diabetic BB rats has been described, but other killing mechanisms may also be involved. Histopathologic studies suggest that macrophages are the first immune cells to infiltrate islets. To determine if macrophages are the first cells mediating islet damage, macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity was evalu...
CONTEXT Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease with polygenic and environmental stressors resulting in multiple metabolic toxicities and islet oxidative stress. We have integrated the role of the islet renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathogenesis of early islet fibrosis utilizing the transgenic (mRen2)27 rodent model of hypertension and tissue RAS overexpression. OBJECTIVE...
BACKGROUND Pancreatic islet endocrine cell-supporting architectures, including islet encapsulating basement membranes (BMs), extracellular matrix (ECM), and possible cell clusters, are unclear. PROCEDURES The architectures around islet cell clusters, including BMs, ECM, and pancreatic acinar-like cell clusters, were studied in the non-diabetic state and in the inflamed milieu of fulminant typ...
PRIMARY non function of islet allografts and chronic failure of intrahepatic islet autografts has been observed in large animals and humans, bringing into question the liver as the ideal site for islet transplantation. Our hypothesis is that inflammatory mediators released in the microenvironment at the transplant site might result in impaired islet engraftment. The L-arginine~ependent nitric o...
In islet transplantation, in addition to immunologic and ischemic factors, the diabetic/hyperglycemic state of the recipient has been proposed, although not yet validated, as a possible cause of islet toxicity, contributing to islet loss during the engraftment period. Using a miniature swine model of islet transplantation, we have now assessed the effect of a persistent state of hyperglycemia o...
Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), a pancreatic islet protein of 37 amino acids, is the main component of islet amyloid, seen at autopsy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). To investigate the roles of hIAPP and islet amyloid in DM2, we generated transgenic mice expressing hIAPP in their islet beta cells. In this study, we found that after a long-term, high-fat diet challenge ...
We previously reported a small-scale study on the efficacy of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution versus University of Wisconsin (UW) solution on pancreas preservation for islet isolation. In this large-scale, retrospective analysis (n = 252), we extend our initial description of the impact of HTK on islet isolation outcomes and include pancreatic digestion efficacy, purification ...
OBJECTIVE To define cellular mechanisms by which B cells promote type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study measured islet-specific CD4 T cell regulation in T-cell receptor transgenic mice with elevated frequencies of CD4 T cells recognizing hen egg lysozyme (HEL) autoantigen expressed in islet β-cells and thymic epithelium under control of the insulin-gene promoter. The effects o...
Deposition of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) as amyloid in the pancreatic islet occurs in approximately 90% of individuals with Type 2 diabetes and is associated with decreased islet beta-cell mass and function. Human IAPP (hIAPP), but not rodent IAPP, is amyloidogenic and toxic to islet beta-cells. In addition to IAPP, islet amyloid deposits contain other components, including heparan sulfat...
With recent advances in methods of islet isolation and the introduction of more potent and less diabetogenic immunosuppressive therapies, islet transplantation has progressed from research to clinical reality. Presently, several international centres have demonstrated successful clinical outcomes with high rates of insulin independence after islet transplantation. Ongoing refinements in donor p...
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