Protective immunizat ion of the vertebrate host against malar ia can operate against either of two distinct stages of the parasite's life cycle. The sporozoite forms, which develop in the salivary glands of the infected mosquito, are immunogenic in the vertebrate host (1) and possess a major surface antigen against which a protective immune response can be elicited (2, 3). The asexual blood sta...

1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UAB School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 Third Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294-4461, USA 2Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, Al 35294-0022, USA 3Statistics and Epidemiology Unit, RTI International, Oxford Building, Suite 119, 2951 Flowers Road South...

När en cell utsätts för strålning startar en signalkaskad som kan aktivera DNA-reparation, hämma celldelning och påverka cellens benägenhet att dö. En sådan signalväg är HER2/fosfatidylinositol 3-kinas (PI3K)/AKT, som bland annat reglerar celltillväxt, celldelning och en form av celldöd som kallas apoptos. HER2 är uttryckt i onormalt höga nivåer i 1530% av alla brösttumörer och är relaterat til...

Ž . Ž . A parallel-type, pump-shared PTPS scheme linear-cavity laser array LCLA is proposed and numerically studied. Power-equalization of multiwavelength fiber lasers can be achieved by varying the pumping power ratio, length of the erbium-doped fiber or reflectivity of grating reflector for the individual channels. Before and after power-equalization, the maximum power variation among seven e...