The Iron Mountain Mine Superfund Site near Redding, California, is a massive sulfide ore deposit that was mined for iron, silver, gold, copper, zinc, and pyrite intermittently for nearly 100 years. As a result, both water and air reached the sulfide deposits deep within the mountain, producing acid mine drainage consisting of sulfuric acid and heavy metals from the ore. Particularly, the draina...

Background: This study aimed to investigate different methods used to provide necessary supplementations for pregnant women and obtain reliable data about the general status of health promotion during pregnancy. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 401 pregnant women referring to different women’s hospitals of Tabriz, including Alzahra, Taleghani, 29-Bahman, Zakariy...

Dynamic transformations of iron occur seasonally at Great Sippewissett Marsh, Massachusetts. Small changes in the dissolved iron concentration in porewater represent only a small fraction of the iron involved in transformation reactions during the year. During the growing season, salt marsh grasses oxidize the sediment, and a large percentage of sedimentary pyrite is converted to an oxidized ir...

Potential rates of microbial methylation of inorganic mercury (added as HgCl2) and degradation of methyl mercury (MeHg) (added as CH3HgCl) were investigated in anoxic sediments from the Mobile Alabama River Basin (MARB) dominated by different terminal electron-accepting processes (TEAPs). Potential rates of methylation were comparable under methanogenic and sulfate-reducing conditions but suppr...

The preparation of highly pure vanadyl sulfate from sulfate solutions containing impurities of iron and aluminumwas investigated by solvent extraction with 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (EHEHPA) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) as the phase modifier. The extraction and stripping conditions of vanadium (IV) and its separation from iron and aluminum were optimized. Under the...

Lake Towuti is a tectonic basin, surrounded by ultramafic rocks. Lateritic soils form through weathering and deliver abundant iron (oxy)hydroxides but very little sulfate to the lake and its sediment. To characterize the sediment biogeochemistry, we collected cores at three sites with increasing water depth and decreasing bottom water oxygen concentrations. Microbial cell densities were highest...

OBJECTIVE A systematic review was conducted to analyze the tolerability of several oral iron supplements based on data obtained in available publications and to report the incidence of adverse effects (AEs) for each supplement both overall and gastrointestinal. METHODS Electronic databases - Medline, the Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched for studies published up to January 2009. Clin...

The anaerobic biodegradation of monobrominated phenols and benzoic acids by microorganisms enriched from marine and estuarine sediments was determined in the presence of different electron acceptors [i.e., Fe(III), SO4(2-), or HCO3-]. Under all conditions tested, the bromophenol isomers were utilized without a lengthy lag period whereas the bromobenzoate isomers were utilized only after a lag p...

In this study, we report on the distribution and mineralogy of micron-sized mineral aggregates formed in the top horizon of an acid sulfate soil. The distribution and oxidation state of arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) were also determined. The soil used in this study was formed from pyritic shale parent materials on the east side of the California Coast Range. Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescenc...