dust storms are known as hazardous problems in western part of iran. iraq is one of the main sources for dust storm arriving to the western part of iran. the radial basis function network model (rbfn) has been used to assess wind erosion hazards in the source area of dust storms over several western iranian cities. normalized difference salinity index (ndsi) was used to determine the changes in...

BACKGROUND & PURPOSE Career advancement programs are currently implemented in many countries. In Iran, the first career advancement program was Nurses' Career Advancement Pathway. The purpose of this study was to explore nurse leaders' experiences about implementing the Nurses' Career Advancement Pathway program in Iran. METHODS This exploratory qualitative study was conducted in 2013. Sixtee...

Natural hazards are the underlying cause of between 1 and 7 percent federally reported hazmat releases in US every year. During period from 1990 through 2019 fraction caused by natural has increased, large part due to increased hurricanes as well floods, storms wind. Many these events minor, but some have resulted expensive deaths, injuries, evacuations. Inter annual variability is correlated w...

Crises and natural disasters are always existed in human history, and continue to exist in the future; therefore, people are always affected by these natural disasters. Hence, evacuation planning after natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, fire, storms, warfare and nuclear explosions) is vital. Given that natural disasters cause irreparable financial loss and the loss of life ...

introduction. despite the implementation of hospital autonomy in many developed (france, denmark) and developing countries(ghana, zimbabwe, kenya and indonesia) since the early 1980s , relatively little research has been directed towards evaluating the experiences of these hospitals .efficiency, equity, accountability and quality of care can be considered as four main evaluative criteria in ass...

We often need to estimate the size of wild populations to determine the appropriate management action, for example, to set a harvest quota. Monitoring is usually planned under the assumption that it must be carried out at fixed intervals in time, typically annually, before the harvest quota is set. However, monitoring can be very expensive, and we should weigh the cost of monitoring against the...

As widespread deserts is located in west and southwest of Iran plateau, dust storms form due to west andsouthwest systems over Syria or Iraq as well as Arabian Peninsula. These systems severely affect west and southwestregions. Sometimes the fine dusts transmit to central, north east, and east regions. In this study for investigating dustysynoptical patterns, meteorological data at 5 synoptic s...

Climate-related hazards such as sand and dust storms (SDS) have various impacts on human health, socio-economy, environment, agroecosystems. Iran has been severely affected by domestic external SDS during the last two decades. Considering fragile economy of Iran’s rural areas strong dependence livelihood agroecosystems, cause serious damage to communities. Therefore, there is an urgent need con...