Energy efficiency is an important desirable property for optical networks and a key parameter for the sustainability of the future Internet. In this work, we consider the energy-minimized design problem for IP over flexible optical networks. We provide an energy-aware multilayer network-planning algorithm, which takes as input the network topology, the IP end-to-end traffic matrix, the modular ...

simultaneous dislocation of both interphalangeal (ip) joints of same finger is a highly uncommon finding. and dislocation of metacarpophalangeal (mcp) joint along with interphalangeal joints of thumb are reported in literatures if, scarcely. here we are reporting the three cases, comprising of double dislocation of ip joints in little finger in two patients and simultaneous mcp and ip joint dis...

Massive increases in IP (Internet Protocol) traffic have led to rapid deployment of IP-based networks in metropolitan (metro) areas. In order to facilitate this deployment, computer-based design tools are needed. One of the most difficult decisions that engineers face in designing an IP network is choosing the IP link topology (i.e., the set of router-to-router connections). This is especially ...

In recent years, OFDM has been the focus of extensive research efforts in optical transmission and networking, initially as a means to overcome physical impairments in optical communications. However, unlike, say, in wireless LANs or xDSL systems where OFDM is deployed as a transmission technology in a single link, in optical networks it is being considered as the technology underlying the nove...

Orthographic knowledge is affected by language processing, which is associated with word exposure. This study used event-related potentials (ERP) to explore this association in Spanish-speaking adults with different levels of orthographic competence (High Spelling Skills: HSS; Low Spelling Skills: LSS) while they performed a lexical decision task on previously exposed words (1 or 5 times). Both...

This paper presents a conceptual business model, which aims to improve the understanding of the business context of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). We argue that research into how ICT generates economic value is limitedly valid due to lacking comprehensive knowledge of strategy theory and lacking abilities to integrate strategy perspectives, and the fragmentation of strategy t...

Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERPs)are described as computer-based information systems designed to process an organization’s transactions and facilitate integrated and real-time planning, production, and customer response [23]. These systems are designed to address the problem of fragmentation Implementation of ERPs. ERP systems are complex and costly processes. In spite of ERP systems ...

Switching connectivity over multiple wireless interfaces of a mobile node is essential when performing handover between heterogeneous networks. In such a communication scenario, session continuity as experienced by the user can be enhanced if soft handover is enabled through the concept of make-before-break. However, some of the available networking protocols need to be modified to support this...

In this article I argue that the organizational involvement of large scale information technology packages, such as those known as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), has important implications that go far beyond the acknowledged effects of keeping the organizational operations accountable and integrated across functions and production sites. My claim is that ERP packages are predicated upon an...

The paper discusses the application of Critical Systems Heuristics to the problem of functional siloing. Functional siloing refers to a situation in which the functional areas of an organisation become overly focused on local performance measures to the detriment of the organisation as a whole. The authors liken the organisational fragmentation to Ulrich’s description of dysfunctional social pl...