a direct and an efficient conversion of a wide range of primary, secondary even tertiary alcohols to the corresponding iodides have been achieved under ionic liquid conditions. the method involves preparation of ionic liquid-based iminium chloride intermediate from dmf-like ionic liquid then stirring it with alcohol in present of sodium iodide. the higher yields of alkyl iodides were obtained w...

The economic and environmental losses due to serious leakage in the urban water supply network have increased the effort to control the water leakage. However, current methods for leakage estimation are inaccurate leading to the development of ineffective leakage controls. Therefore, this study proposes a method based on the blind source separation theory (BSS) to calculate the leakage of water...

one of the important factors influencing outdoor insulators performance is pollution phenomenon. the pollution, especially during humidity condition, reduces superficial resistance of insulator and lead to a flow of leakage currents (lc) on the insulator surface, which may result in total flashover. the lc characteristics are affected by parameters such as nature and severity of pollution. loca...

Leakage resilient cryptography designs systems to withstand partial adversary knowledge of secret state. Ideally, leakage-resilient systems withstand current and future attacks; restoring confidence in the security of implemented cryptographic systems. Understanding the relation between classes of leakage functions is an important aspect. In this work, we consider the memory leakage model, wher...

In order to improve the stability and reliability of high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines in cold regions, this article investigated corona discharges icicle growth characteristics on outdoor insulators under DC voltages. The experiments were conducted at CIGELE laboratory University Quebec. simulation model theoretical established. dynamic process interactive between different...

Vesicular approaches are novel techniques for transporting the drug that reinforces availability of drugs and gives an action a prolonged time. Besides, it has definite advantages over traditional delivery systems. Liposomes niosomes comprising vesicles demonstrate stability issues such as aggregation, leakage, fusion sedimentation due to aqueous nature system. The provesicular system developed...

The dependence on ionic strength of protonation of glycine and its complexation with dioxouranium (VI) is reported in sodium perchlorate and sodium chloride solutions as background salts. The measurements have been performed at 25±0.1°C and various ionic strengths in the range 0.1 to 1.0 mol , using a combination of potentiometric and spectrophotometric techniques. The overall analysis  of the ...