The antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of Ziziphus spina-christi leaves were examined using agar disc diffusion method against five bacteria (Streptococcus feacalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). These extracts had inhibitory activity at various stages of germination;1st stage has inhibitory activity of 22 mm against Strept...

Magnetic and gravimetric data from the central Alboran Sea allow identification of two axes of crustal thinning, which were probably active during the Oligocene—Early Miocene. The western Alboran basin axis is subparallel and may be related in origin to the Gibraltar Arc. The ENE—WSW trending Alboran Channel axis is probably intruded by basic igneous rocks and may represent the western end of t...

Five new dimeric sesquiterpene lactones, neojaponicone A (1) and japonicones M-P (2-5) were isolated from the aerial part of Inula japonica. Neojaponicone A (1) has an unprecedented carbon skeleton with an unusual valerolactone system formed between a guaianolide and an eudesmane. The structure and absolute configuration of 1 were established by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data and comp...

A root culture of Inula helenium L. was established from leaf explants of aseptic seedlings. An ethanol extract from the lyophilised roots was fractionated using different chromatographic techniques (CC, TLC). The main secondary metabolites found in the root culture were two thymol derivatives: 10-isobutyryloxy-8,9-epoxy-thymol isobutyrate (1) and 10-isobutyryloxy-6-methoxy-8,9-epoxy-thymol iso...

1 Aquatic Systems Group, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine, United States of America, 2 Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews Biological Station, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, Canada, 3 Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Pärnu, Estonia, 4 National Institute for Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark (DTU-Aqua), Charlottenlund, Denmark, 5 Department of Marin...