OBJECTIVE To investigate the longitudinal associations between active commuting (walking and cycling to work) and body mass index (BMI). METHOD We used self-reported data on height, weight and active commuting from the Commuting and Health in Cambridge study (2009 to 2012; n=809). We used linear regression to test the associations between: a) maintenance of active commuting over one year and ...

BACKGROUND Promoting daily routine activities, such as active commuting to school, may have important health implications for young people. PURPOSE The aim of the study was to examine the secular trend of active commuting to school in Spanish adolescents over a 6-year period (2001-2002 to 2006-2007). We also examined several factors that might explain this trend. METHODS Data comes from two...

Human mobility is a key component of large-scale spatial-transmission models of infectious diseases. Correctly modeling and quantifying human mobility is critical for improving epidemic control, but may be hindered by data incompleteness or unavailability. Here we explore the opportunity of using proxies for individual mobility to describe commuting flows and predict the diffusion of an influen...

BACKGROUND Active commuting is a good opportunity to accumulate physical activity (PA) across the lifespan that potentially might influence central body fat. We aimed to examine the prospective associations of active commuting at 11, 15 and 18 years of age with central body fat at 18 years. METHODS Participants were part of a large birth cohort study in Pelotas, Brazil (n = 3,649 participants...

We assessed commuting patterns in adolescents from 10 European cities and examined associations with physical activity (PA). A total of 3112 adolescents were included. PA was objectively measured with accelerometry. Commuting patterns and overall PA were self-reported using questions from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire modified for adolescents (IPAQ-A). Adolescents reported t...

Two operations commute if the result of their execution is independent of the order in which they execute. Commuting operations can be executed concurrently provided they execute atomically on the objects they access. Statically recognizing commuting operations is of great interest because they increase the amount of concurrency a compiler can exploit. In this document we introduce commutativit...

This paper focuses on the effects of commuting time on sickness insurance utilization by applying a generalized propensity score estimator to a large sample of Swedish employees. We analyse the effect of commuting time both on the probability of using sickness insurance at all and on the probability that an individual on sick leave is on so-called partial sick leave rather than being completely...

This paper presents an empirical study of the effects of urban growth controls on the intercity commuting of workers. Growth controls (land use regulations that attempt to restrict population growth and urban sprawl) have increased housing prices and diverted population growth to uncontrolled cities. It has been suggested that resulting changes in local labour supply might stimulate intercity c...

We show that every multivariable contractive weighted shift dilates to a tuple of commuting unitaries, and hence satisfies von Neumann’s inequality. This answers a question of Lubin and Shields. We also exhibit a closely related 3-tuple of commuting contractions, similar to Parrott’s example, which does not dilate to a 3-tuple of commuting unitaries.