abstract:one of the target groups is women in poverty eradication programs, especially divorced women and widows in order to the social, economic and cultural community that are more involved with the issue of poverty. such a study aims to measure the effective factors on poverty alleviation and empowerment of divorced women and widows in selseleh city (as one of disadvantaged city).to do so, d...

one of the most important questions in islamic banking system is about the best method for calculating the interest rate of loans and deposits. this paper compares two methods : time- value method and economic value- added method and tries to answer this question that, based on the information gathered from the financial statements of a sample of the accepted firms in the iranian exchange marke...

This paper explores the determinants of people’s decisions to take 401(k) loans. We argue that 401(k) plans do not simply represent retirement saving, but they also provide a means of saving for precautionary purposes. We model factors that rationally would induce people to borrow from their pension plans, and we explain why people do not often use 401(k) loans to replace their more expensive c...

A lot of confusion and misunderstanding has been created by several commentators on the issue of non-performing loans (NPLs) of banking system. They take the absolute amount of such loans at the current point of time and compare it with the quantum of such loans in October 1999 and make a hue and cry that the situation has deteriorated because the quantum of NPLs has gone up. Such a simplistic ...

This paper explores the impact of university finance reforms on teaching quality. It is shown that the graduate tax can achieve efficiency with tuition fees administered by the government, while student grants, pure and income contingent loans can not. However, all options are inefficient when universities have the autonomy to set tuition fees. Then, pure loans dominate the graduate tax and are...

In recent history, it looked to many as if rural financial markets would become dominated by large banks that offered relatively expensive credit to agricultural firms. However, the 1990's have seen a resurgence in smaller banks with a focus on smaller, agricultural producer loans. Moreover, small banks may be more competitive than ever with respect to interest rates. This report outlines some ...