Enteopium of the upper lids is very frequently met with amongst our dispensary patients, and in several instances I have found both the upper and lower lids affected. The native Jarrahs have apparently only one mode of operating in such cases, which consists in removing a large piece of integument, extending from the eyebrow down some distance ou the upper lid, the extensive wound thus made is ...

The symbiosis between fungus-farming ants (Attini, Formicidae), their cultivated fungi, garden-infecting Escovopsis pathogens, and Pseudonocardia bacteria on the ant integument has been popularized as an example of ant-Escovopsis-Pseudonocardia co-evolution. Recent research could not verify earlier conclusions regarding antibiotic-secreting, integumental Pseudonocardia that co-evolve to specifi...

Wounds of the horse’s foot are common, and many are simple and heal without untoward consequences. Unfortunately, others may cause lasting changes in hoof function, and sometimes even be life threatening. The term foot describes the hoof and all structures contained within it. It is part of the appendicular skeleton and as such most of the same elements, i.e. bones, joints, tendons and ligament...

Ovules are the developmental precursors of seeds. In angiosperms the ovules are enclosed within the central floral organs, the carpels. We have identified a homeotic mutation in Arabidopsis, "bell" (bel1), which causes transformation of ovule integuments into carpels. In situ hybridization analysis shows that this mutation leads to increased expression of the carpel-determining homeotic gene AG...

We examined the putative defence system of a king cricket, Onosandrus sp., in particular the efficacy of the noxious faeces against two types of predator: a lizard, the skink Mabuya striata (an active, diurnal forager), and the toad Bufo gutturalis (a nocturnal, ambush predator). Contrary to our predictions, the faeces did not act as a deterrent to either predator. Tongueflick trials with cotto...

Contact-rehydration in terrestrial slugs involves a specific drinking behaviour during which water is rapidly absorbed through the integument of the foot. When dehydrated slugs were placed on wet filter paper containing 14C-inulin, they displayed the characteristic drinking posture and absorbed both water and 14C-inulin. Samples of haemolymph from dehydrated slugs after 12 min of contact-rehydr...