the goal of this article is to proposing a conceptual model explaining the information systems integration. in this paper, passing the concept of intra-organizational information systems integration, we emphasis on the concept of inter-organizational integration.the problem is what the information systems integration is, and which problems the organizations face.the method using in this researc...

in this paper , the quintic b-spline collocation scheme is employed to approximate numerical solution of the kdv-like rosenau equation . this scheme is based on the crank-nicolson formulation for time integration and quintic b-spline functions for space integration . the unconditional stability of the present method is proved using von- neumann approach . since we do not know the exact solution...

in this article, a numerical method based on  improvement of block-pulse functions (ibpfs) is discussed for solving the system of linear volterra and fredholm integral equations. by using ibpfs and their operational matrix of integration, such systems can be reduced to a linear system of algebraic equations. an efficient error estimation and associated theorems for the proposed method are also ...

Introduction: Irregular/blocked fields are routinely used in radiotherapy. The doses of these fields are usually calculated by means of equivalent square method that is inherently prone to uncertainty. On the other hand, Clarkson’s sector integration method is a dose calculation method which offers far better accuracy in dose calculation of irregular fields. The Scatter Air Ratio (SAR) of an in...

abstract. the main contribution of the current paper is to propose a new effective numerical method for solving the first-order linear matrix differential equations. properties of the legendre basis operational matrix of integration together with a collocation method are applied to reduce the problem to a coupled linear matrix equations. afterwards, an iterative algorithm is examined for solvin...

The leapfrog method is popular because of its good stability when solving partial differential equations with oscillatory solutions. “It has the disadvantage that the solution at odd time steps tends to drift farther and farther from the solution for even time steps, so it is common to stop the integration every twenty time steps or so and reinitialize with the first order forward Euler method ...

in this paper, an efficient method for solving optimal control problemsof the linear differential systems with inequality constraint is proposed. by usingnew adjustment of hat basis functions and their operational matrices of integration,optimal control problem is reduced to an optimization problem. also, the erroranalysis of the proposed method is investigated and it is proved that the order o...

alternative legendre polynomials (alps) are used to approximate the solution of a class of nonlinear volterra-hammerstein integral equations. for this purpose, the operational matrices of integration and the product for alps are derived. then, using the collocation method, the considered problem is reduced into a set of nonlinear algebraic equations. the error analysis of the method is given an...