this study examines the efficiency of pedagogical intervention in raising l2 pragmatic awareness of the iranian efl learners. more specifically, it seeks to investigate the difference between explicit and implicit instructions in improving pragmatic appropriateness of the english refusals by adult persian native speakers in an efl classroom context. fifty-four participants, with approximately t...

In this paper I revisit a previously-published analysis of paradigm shifts within research on instructional technology (IT). Following Kuhn, I will use the term ‘paradigm’ to denote an actual scientific achievement. Used in this way, a particular experiment or research study must meet two criteria to qualify as a paradigm: it must be novel, that is it must be demonstratively different from thos...

ion transactions Abstraction instructional transactions enable the learner to acquire class, subclass, and instance relationships between knowledge objects. Abstraction transactions promote the ability to transfer or use a skill acquired for one set of instances or subclasses with a new8 set of instances or subclasses. Abstraction transactions enable the learner to generalize knowledge by acqui...

background: considering the assumptions of cognitive load theory and using its reduction and optimization strategies in the design and development of instructional content is one of the main requirements for achieving effective learning. this study examined the effectiveness of instructional multimedia based on reducing the extraneous cognitive load in english language learning among nursing st...

Problem based learning (PBL) is an instructional method aimed at engaging students in collaboratively solving an ill-structured problem. PBL has been presented and researched as an overhaul of existing curriculum design, yet a modified version may be attractive to college instructors who desire active learning on the part of their students, but who cannot completely reorganize their current cou...

CONTEXT Cancer caregivers have information and support needs, especially about cancer pain management. With high Internet use reported among caregivers, YouTube may be an accessible option when looking for information on cancer pain management. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the availability and characteristics of instructional cancer pain management videos on YouTube and...

Traditionally computer architecture courses emphasize either a programmer’s or logic designer’s perspective with regard to computer engineering. Recognizing the value of both approaches, a sequence of two mandatory courses has been developed that addresses both of these aspects of computer engineering for the curriculum in Electrical Engineering at the Rochester Institute of Technology. The lec...

This causal-comparative study evaluated a 30-week chess instructional program implemented within special education math classes for students in the sixth, seventh, and eighth grades in a suburban middle school located in the southwestern United States. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was utilized to compare the adjusted means for the comparison and treatment groups on the students’ math achi...

Background and Purpose. Gastroenterology is a diverse subspecialty that covers a wide array of topics. The preclinical gastroenterology curriculum is often the only formal training that medical students receive prior to becoming residents. There is no Canadian consensus on learning objectives or instructional methods and a general lack of awareness of curriculum at other institutions. This resu...