Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether the concentration of the anionic contrast agent ioxaglate, as quantitated by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) using a clinical cone-beam CT (CBCT) instrument, reflects biochemical, histological, and biomechanical characteristics of articular cartilage imaged in an ex vivo, intact human knee joint. Design An osteoarthritic hu...

the objective of this work is to analyze the effects of decrease in water subsidies (increase in the price of the water) on various economic sectors in order to promote the conservation of this resource based on the actual price of water. but over the past decades, various subsidizing methods hold the cost of water down. on the other hand, the indiscriminate use of these resources led the gover...

1 The Problem of Instantaneous Rates of Change The concept of the instantaneous rate of change of some physical quantity, position most strikingly, poses a significant philosophical dilemma. Notoriously, Zeno argued, in his arrow paradox, that the very concept of an instantaneous rate of change in position is both unavoidable in the explanation of motion and incoherent. Recently worries about i...

A cloud-resolving model is modified to implement the weak temperature gradient approximation in order to simulate the interactions between tropical convection and the large-scale tropical circulation. The instantaneous domain-mean potential temperature is relaxed toward a reference profile obtained from a radiative–convective equilibrium simulation of the cloud-resolving model. For homogeneous ...

Complex representation of nucleotides is used to convert DNA sequences into complex digital genomic signals. The analysis of the cumulated phase and unwrapped phase of DNA genomic signals reveals large-scale features of eukaryote and prokaryote chromosomes that result from statistical regularities of base and base-pair distributions along DNA strands. By reorienting the chromosome coding region...

Two series of displacement experiments with isoproturon and metribuzin herbicides were performed on two undisturbed grassed filter strip soil cores, under unsaturated steady-state flow conditions. Several rainfall intensities (0.070, 0.147, 0.161, 0.308 and 0.326 cm h(-1)) were used. A water tracer (bromide) was simultaneously injected in each displacement experiment. A descriptive analysis of ...

Brownian motion is one of the most fascinating phenomena in nature. Its conceptual implications have a profound impact in almost every field of science and even economics, from dissipative processes in thermodynamic systems, gene therapy in biomedical research, artificial motors and galaxy formation to the behaviour of stock prices. However, despite extensive experimental investigations, the ba...

We consider a queueing system with multiple heterogeneous servers serving a multiclass population. The classes are distinguished by time costs. All customers have i.i.d. service requirements. Arriving customers do not see the instantaneous queue occupancy. Arrivals are randomly routed to one of the servers and the routing probabilities are determined centrally to optimize the expected waiting c...

We study the global behavior of the price dynamics in a commodity market governed by a balance between demand and supply. While the dependence of demand on price is considered instantaneous, the supply term contains a delay, leading to a delay–differential equation. A discrete model is naturally defined as a limit case of this equation. We provide a thorough study of the discrete case, and use ...