the presence of radon in drinking water causes health risks associated with exposure from both inhalation and ingestion. since the studies show that faults near the water resources have a critical effect on the concentration of radon, kouhbanan active fault zone, to find water resources  with high radon concentration was chosen for the following investigation. water samples were taken from all ...

Characterizations of the risks associated with foodborne pathogens are dependent on the availability of information on the population's exposure to the biological agents. However, by itself, exposure data are insufficient to assess the public health impact of pathogenic microorganisms. This requires the availability of effective dose-response models. Successful development of models that descri...

Consumers are taking unprecedented interest in the way food is produced, processed and marketed and are increasingly calling for their governments to accept greater responsibility for food safety and consumer protection (FAO/WHO, 2003). There is growing concern for ways in assessing possible preventive and corrective actions in order to develop new practices to reduce or eliminate different haz...

abstract to study the efficacy of glyphosate and nicosulfuron herbicides on barnyardgrass [echinochloa crus-galii (l.) p. beauv.] and velvetleaf (abotilon theophrasti medicus.) control and to find the ed50 index, experiments were conducted as factorial arrangement of treatments 2×7 based on completely randomized design with six replications for each weed in 2008-9 at research greenhouse, ferdow...

Abstract Assessment of annual effective dose due to inhalation (Dinh) and ingestion (Ding) radon from 43 groundwater samples at Kantharawichai District, Maha Sarakham Province using Radon Gas Monitor ATMOS 12 DPX. The results were as follows: 1. concentrations ranged 1.04 – 21.87 Bq/L with a mean 8.26±3.77 Bq/L, 2. Dinh 2.60 54.69 μSv/y 20.70±9.40 μSv/y. Ding 0.19 3.94 1.50±0.70 μSv/y, 3. on or...

Several soil ingestion studies have indicated that some children ingest substantial amounts of soil on given days. Although the EPA has assumed that 95% of children ingest 200 mg soil/day or less for exposure assessment purposes, some children have been observed to ingest up to 25-60 g soil during a single day. In light of the potential for children to ingest such large amounts of soil, an asse...

Reliability in decision making about intervention plans is a necessary condition for evidence-based probation work and equal treatment of offenders. Structuring decision making can improve agreement between clinical decision makers. In a former study however, we found that in Dutch probation practice structured risk and needs assessment did not result in acceptable agreement about intervention ...

Quantitative risk assessment for Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts was performed to determine the public health significance of non-potable use of tertiary treated reclaimed water. Seven reclaimed water treatment plants in the southwestern United States participated in this study. The average public exposure to oocysts and cysts was estimated, based on concentrations, recovery efficienc...