We use recently developed procedures to decompose German Lorenz curves for post-government incomes among East Germans, West Germans, and foreign guest workers after German unification. The decomposed Lorenz ordinates permit us to construct interdistributional Lorenz curves, which in turn allow dominance comparisons of changes in economic advantage in different years. Using interdistributional G...

OBJECTIVES This paper compares patterns of smoking and high-risk alcohol use across regions in England, and assesses the impact on these of adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. DESIGN Population survey of 53 922 adults in England aged 16+ taking part in the Alcohol and Smoking Toolkit Studies. MEASURES Participants answered questions regarding their socioeconomic status (SES), ge...

The distribution of denitrification was investigated in the hypolimnion of the east and west lobes of permanently ice-covered Lake Bonney, Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Anomalously high concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; nitrate, nitrite, ammonium and nitrous oxide) in the oxygen-depleted hypolimnion of the east lobe of the Lake implied that denitrification is or was active in th...

The authors investigated the relationship between transformational leadership behavior and group performance in 218 financial services teams that were branches of a bank in Hong Kong and the United States. Transformational leadership influenced team performance through the mediating effect of team potency. The effect of transformational leadership on team potency was moderated by team power dis...

BACKGROUND The German East-West mortality difference narrowed rapidly after the 1990 unification, particularly for women. We analyse recent trends for women aged 50-89 years and document for the first time lower mortality in the East. We study how smoking contributes to this cross-over. METHODS We analyse mortality by cause for women aged 50-89 over the years 1992-2009 for the East and West G...

During the winters of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015, anomalously warm temperatures in western North America and anomalously cool temperatures in eastern North America resulted in substantial human and environmental impacts. Motivated by the impacts of these concurrent temperature extremes and the intrinsic atmospheric linkage between weather conditions in the western and eastern United States, we inv...

This paper assesses the impact of medical care on changes in mortality in east Germany and Poland before and after the political transition, with west Germany included for comparison. Building upon Rutstein's concept of unnecessary untimely deaths, we calculated the contribution of conditions considered responsive to medical care or health policy to changes in life expectancy between birth and ...

East Germany’s unemployment rate still doubles that of West Germany and for the last decade its economic growth has been below that of other transition countries. Policy makers often point to the lack of entrepreneurship as one of East Germany’s main problems. This paper addresses the question of how East Germany’s integration into an established economy, West Germany, may have hindered a fruit...

nary protein excretion, preferably with agents that block the renin-angiotensin pathway, and good glycemic control for diabetic patients [5]. Human studies have shown that proteinuria is an independent predictor of progression and that its reduction is renoprotective [6]. At comparable blood pressure control, inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), including angiotensin-converting enz...