Background: Restraint stress causes inflammation in nervous system that leads to emersion of neurodegenerative diseases. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) contains different agents with antioxidant, antiapoptosis, and hepatoprotective properties. This study examined the effect of spinach hydroalcoholic extract (SHE) on TNF-α and IL-1β expression in hippocampus of male Wistar rats exposed to chroni...

The content of individual chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments is determined in three spinach varieties (Lorelei, Springfield, and Ballet) after processing. Raw spinach and spinach that is steam-blanched for 3, 9, or 15 min is stored frozen at -24 degrees C for 6 months. In addition, spinach is air-dried at 75 degrees C, packed in atmospheric air or nitrogen, and stored at ambient temperature fo...

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, has become a leading nutrition problem. Inorganic nitrate enriched in spinach has been demonstrated to reverse the pathological features of insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. However, the effects of a direct intake of nitrate-enriched spinach on insulin resistance an...

The concentration-time profile, therapeutic, and persistent efficacy of a single subcutaneous injection of cattle with a long-acting (LA) formulation of ivermectin at a concentration of 630microg/kg of body weight were determined against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Ivermectin sera concentration in treated cattle increased to 13.0ppb within 1d after treatment, and peaked at 26.2ppb at 1...

The use of ultrasound to enhance the efficacy of selected sanitizers in reduction of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 populations on spinach was investigated. Spot-inoculated spinach samples were treated with water, chlorine, acidified sodium chlorite (ASC), peroxyacetic acid (POAA), and acidic electrolyzed water with and without ultrasound (21.2 kHz) for 2 min at room temperature. The effects of ult...

The present report is on Psoroptic mange infestation in rabbits. Out of 126 rabbits in a farm 34 were infested. Observed clinical signs were alopecia, crusts formation, superficial and deep skin fissures and itching. Distribution of lesions was noticed around the base of ears, margins of the ears and face. Skin scrapings from infested rabbits were examined and eggs, larvae, nymphs and adult mit...

Iodine biofortification of vegetables can become an alternative (to iodized salt) method of introducing this element into human diet. Development of agronomic rules concerning its application requires detailed evaluation of iodine influence on plant physiological and biological processes including mineral nutrition and quality of yield. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of iodine...

Recurring foodborne illness outbreaks associated with the consumption of contaminated leafy greens attest to challenges facing produce industry. Here we report effects a novel combination gallic acid (1500 mg/L), hydrogen peroxide (30 and lactic (1800 mg/L) (GHL) on inactivation human pathogens baby spinach. Fresh spinach samples inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7 Listeria monocytogenes were t...