BACKGROUND The threat of a global influenza pandemic and the adoption of the World Health Organization (WHO) International Health Regulations (2005) highlight the value of well-coordinated, functional disease surveillance systems. The resulting demand for timely information challenges public health leaders to design, develop and implement efficient, flexible and comprehensive systems that integ...

Jinnai T, et al. First report on invasion of yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, at Narita International Airport, Japan in August 2012. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2013;66:189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7883/ yoken.66.189 6. National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Infectious Disease Surveillance Center [cited 2014 Sep 14]. http://idsc.nih.go.jp/ disease/dengue/idwr1122/sokuhou01.gif 7. Taniguchi K, Yo...

background: routinely collected data from tuberculosis surveillance system can be used to investigate and monitor the irregularities and abrupt changes of the disease incidence. we aimed at using a hidden markov model in order to detect the abnormal states of pulmonary tuberculosis in iran. methods: data for this study were the weekly number of newly diagnosed cases with sputum smear-positive p...

ProMED Many experts, both within and outside government, have warned of the need to improve capabilities for dealing with emerging infectious diseases; development of an effective global infectious disease surveillance system has been the primary recommendation. ProMED, a project of the Federation of American Scientists, was inaugurated in 1993 at a conference in Geneva as a vehicle for develop...

     Poliomyelitis is a highly infectious viral disease which is mainly transmitted via contaminated food and drinking water by human feces, especially in situations of poor hygiene and sanitation (1). This disease is caused by 3 types of wild poliovirus (WPV) (types 1, 2 and 3), and immunity against one type does not create immunity against other types. In our country according National Immuni...

BACKGROUND Despite advances in medical technology and public health practice at the global level over the past millennia, infectious diseases are still the leading causes of death in most resource limited countries. Stronger infectious disease surveillance and response systems in developed countries facilitated the near elimination of infectious disease related deaths in those countries. Today,...

abo blood type antigens are polymorphic, inherited structures presented on the surface of red blood cells. although abo blood group antigens is the most important antigens in transfusion medicine, its main role is not clearly clarified. correlation between abo blood group and susceptibility to certain infectious and non-infectious diseases is a controversial issue. since, lack of blood type ant...

Objectives For earlier detection of infectious disease outbreaks, a digital syndromic surveillance system based on search queries or social media should be utilized. By using real-time data sources, a digital syndromic surveillance system can overcome the limitation of time-delay in traditional surveillance systems. Here, we introduce an approach to develop such a digital surveillance system. ...