Due to increasing water use, diversion and salinization, along with subsidence sea-level rise, deltas in arid regions are shrinking worldwide. Some of the most ecologically important include Colorado, Indus, Nile, Tigris-Euphrates. The primary stressors vary globally, but these threatened by increased storage diversion, eutrophication, wetland loss. In order make sustainable over time, some flo...

Although no historical information exists about the Indus civilization (fl. c. 2600-1900 BC), archaeologists have uncovered about 3800 short samples of a script that was used throughout the civilization. The script remains undeciphered, despite a large number of attempts and claimed decipherments over the past 80 years. Here, we propose the use of probabilistic models to analyze the structure o...

It is believed that Greater India migrated from the southern hemisphere, collided with Gondwanaland, Angaraland and Cathaysia, thereby closing an intervening oceanic Tethys along the Indus-Yarlung-Tsangpo Suture Zone (IYTSZ).The suture zone is placed along the Chaman Fault in the Baluchistan-Afghanistan area in the west, and the Indus-Yarlung-Tsangpo in the north, whereas along the east from Th...

Quantifying the contribution of glacier runoff to water resources is particularly important in regions such as High Mountain Asia, where glaciers provide a large percentage of seasonal river discharge and support large populations downstream. In remote areas, direct field measurements of glacier melt rates are difficult to acquire and rarely observed, so hydro-glaciological modeling and remote ...

the offered approach is based on the establishment of the functional dependence between river water discharge (q) and suspended ms ,in a number of observations, which noticeably differs from the mean value (r) of subsequent allocated period(s). the earliest period anthropogenic component during the subsequent period(s) is the difference between an actual suspended sediment yield and its hypothe...