Vijay-Shanker and Weir (1993) show that Linear Indexed Grammars (LIG) can be processed in polynomial time by exploiting constraints which make possible the extensive use of structure-sharing. This paper describes a formalism that is more powerful than LIG, but which can also be processed in polynomial time using similar techniques. The formalism, which we refer to as Partially Linear PATR (PLPA...

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the impact of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), spending on Research and Development (R&D), the number of universities and scientific journals on the published research documents, citable documents, citations per document and H-index in environmental sciences in the Middle East countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the 16 Middle East countries were include...

Background. Open access (OA) journals allows access to research papers free of charge to the reader. Traditionally, biomedical researchers use databases like MEDLINE and EMBASE to discover new advances. However, biomedical OA journals might not fulfill such databases' criteria, hindering dissemination. The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) is a database exclusively listing OA journals. T...

Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is an unsupervised clustering technique and many scientific papers are devoted to applying FCA in Information Retrieval (IR) research. We collected 103 papers published between 2003-2009 which mention FCA and information retrieval in the abstract, title or keywords. Using a prototype of our FCA-based toolset CORDIET, we converted the pdffiles containing the papers ...

INTRODUCTION We performed a bibliometric search to evaluate the number of papers written by the Iranian nephrologists. MATERIALS AND METHODS We considered all peer-reviewed articles published by nephrologists in biomedical journals quoted by the Medline database and the IranMedex (an Iranian database for indexing medical articles of local journals) between 1997 and 2007. The findings were ana...

biological marker is a term used in many scientific fields and was introduced as a measurable element or a clinical indicator in the abnormal biological processes, pathological condition, or pharmacological intervention. science citation index expanded (sci-e) from database of web of science (wos) was used to extract all publication indexed as a topic of “ biomarkers ” during a period of eleven...

The data presented here are manually encoded characteristics of research papers in the area of Energy-Economy Nexus (empirical investigation of Granger causality between energy consumption and economic growth) that describe the methods, samples, and other details related to the individual estimations done in the examined empirical papers. Data cover papers indexed by Scopus, published in econom...

Xenbase (www.xenbase.org) is the model organism database for Xenopus tropicalis and Xenopus laevis, two frog species used as model systems for developmental and cell biology. Xenbase curation processes centre on associating papers with genes and extracting gene expression patterns. Papers from PubMed with the keyword 'Xenopus' are imported into Xenbase and split into two curation tracks. In the...

OBJECTIVE To review health research conducted among indigenous populations in Latin America during the period 1995-2004. Material and methods. The search strategy was purposely broad to ensure the identification of all relevant studies indexed in the PubMed and Lilacs databases. RESULTS Six-hundred ninety citations were included. One hundred fifty-nine (23.0%) papers dealt with indigenous pop...

This study examines metadata as a means to enhance information retrieval in a suite of seven search engines, AltaVista, Excite, Google, HotBot, InfoSeek, Lycos, and Northern Light. Papers were selected from issues of the Internet-only journal First Monday, and examined by portions of author and title in seven search engines, without metadata. Metatags were then added to these papers and the sea...