The properties and origin of genetic robustness have recently been investigated in several works that examined microRNA stem-loop structures, and a variety of conclusions have been reached without agreement. Considering that this is a universal phenomenon that is not restricted to miRNAs, we recall the original work on this topic that began from looking at viral RNAs of several types. We provid...

Genetic robustness, the invariance of the phenotype in the face of genetic perturbations, can endow the organism with reduced susceptibility to mutations. A large body of work in recent years has focused on the origins, mechanisms, and consequences of robustness in a wide range of biological systems. Despite the apparent prevalence of mutational robustness in nature, however, its evolutionary o...

Watermarking has increased dramatically in recent years in the Internet and digital media. Watermarking is one of the powerful tools to protect copyright. Local image features have been widely used in watermarking techniques based on feature points. In various papers, the invariance feature has been used to obtain the robustness against attacks. The purpose of this research was based on local f...

Many biological networks can maintain their function against single gene loss. However, the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for such robustness remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that antagonistic host-parasite interactions can act as a selective pressure driving the emergence of robustness against gene loss. Using a model of host signaling networks and simulating their coevolution with p...

Genetic robustness is a hallmark of cells, occurring through many mechanisms and at many levels. Essential genes lack the common robustness mechanism of genetic redundancy (i.e., existing alongside other genes with the same function), and thus appear at first glance to leave cells highly vulnerable to genetic or environmental perturbations. Here we explore a hypothesis that cells might protect ...

Background Cardiac motion presents a major challenge in diffusion weighted MRI (DWI), often leading to large signal dropouts that necessitate repeated measurements (Pai, V.M., MRM 2011). While cardiac DWI is generally ECG gated to apply diffusion weighting during peak-systole or enddiastole, these intervals can be short and difficult to pinpoint, resulting in poor sequence reproducibility. Rece...

This paper reports on a novel recurrent fuzzy classification method for robust detection of context activities in an environment using either single or distributed sensors. It also introduces a classification of system architectures for uncertainty calculation in general. Our proposed novel method utilizes uncertainty measures for improvement of detection, fusion and aggregation of context know...

In this article we discuss three different developments in Edge Illumination (EI) X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCi), all ultimately aimed at optimising EI computed tomography (CT) for use in different environments, and for different applications. For the purpose of reducing scan times, two approaches are presented; the “reverse projection” acquisition scheme which allows a continuous rotation...