Hans Berger (1873 – 1941) the German psychiatrist invented electroencephalography (EEG) for the recording of "brain waves" in 1924. He did this by measuring electrical activity in the brains of hospital patients with skull damage. He documented these alpha waves along with beta activity. He found that when alpha waves decrease and beta activity becomes dominant, we are fully awake. As he was th...

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) occurs from a closed-head impact. Often referred to as concussion, about 20% of cases complain of secondary psychological sequelae, such as disorders of attention and memory. Known as post-concussive symptoms (PCS), these problems can severely disrupt the patient's quality of life. Changes in local spectral power, particularly low-frequency amplitude increases...

obesity is a chronic, multifactorial disease. there are a number of neurocognitive and behavioral mechanisms that contribute to overeating, or eating past nutritional needs, which can lead to obesity. dysregulated dopamine-based reward circuitry has been implicated in overeating and obesity. we have different methods to modify brain function. one of these methods is transcranial direct current ...

This paper concentrates on the reflection of plane waves in the mixture of generalized thermo elastic solid half-space. There exists quasi dilatational waves i.e. qP1, qP2, qT and two rotational waves S1, S2 in a two dimensional model of the solid. The boundary conditions are solved to obtain a system of five non-homogeneous equations for amplitude ratios. These amplitude ratios are found to de...

In the process of neuronal inflammation, an increased in inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) from immune cells (leukocytes and macrophages), brain cells (microglia, astrocytes and neurons) and in hippocampus, amygdala occurs. Raise the level of cytokines result in reduced in production of molecules that are related to plasticity, especially BDNF, IGF-1 and VEGF. Microglia ...

THERE is nothing quite so pleasant as heing able to relax completely whenever you want to. Unfortunately, today's quick pace rarely leaves us the time to truly relax. Perhaps for that reason, scientists have come up with ,111 electronic approach to relaxation that might revolutionize the art of "calming cloWl~." Drawing on knowledge of general psychology, eastern meditation techniques, and, in ...

in this study, a method for determining the location and extent of myocardial infarction using body surface potential map data that is obtained from physionet challenge 2007 database has been suggested. this data is related to four patients with myocardial infarction that we used from two patients as training set to determine rules, and from two other patients for testing set and the conclusion...

at posterior cerebral locations which are not grossly pathological (Jasper, 1949; Penfield & Jasper, 1954). The alpha rhythm under these conditions is of larger amplitude than the alpha rhythm of EEG obtained through scalp leads. This difference in amplitude reflects shunting by these surroundings of the skull. All electrocortical activity suffers shunting by the intact CSF, dura, and brain to ...