nonfarm activities play an important role in the determination of rural household income, consumption expenditure, and household food security. however, much less studies have been devoted to the factors that influence nonfarm income diversification by farm household in developing countries. using cross-sectional data and a probit model, this study attempts to determine the factors influencing ...

BACKGROUND A lack of evidence exists on the association between area-level income inequality and oral health within Australia. This study examined associations between area-level income inequality and oral health outcomes (inadequate dentition (<21 teeth) and poor self-rated oral health) among Australian adults. Variations in the association between area-level income inequality and oral health ...

Recognition of byproducts and their exploiting economic evaluation is one of basic requirements in documenting prospect of rangelands utilization. In this regard, the present study was performed to estimate the economic indices of exploiting byproducts production in Varnasa rangelands, Naghadeh, Iran. For this purpose, the economic data for calculating economic indices were collected after samp...

The present study estimated the impact of women’s participation in farming activities on labour demand, production of high value crops, household income and the number of cattle kept per household in Pakistan. The study was carried out in the rice wheat area of the Pakistani Punjab. The cross-sectional data set was collected from 106 female respondents both participating and not participating i...

This study provides a profile of 866 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in three provinces in rural China and identifies factors associated with per-capita income in AIDS-affected households. The majority of the participants were female, married, had completed primary school, and were 30-49 years of age. Thirty percent of respondents lived in a household with at least one other HIV/AIDS patien...

Using household-level data specifically collected for the purpose of evaluation, we empirically evaluate the impact on household income of a rural program in China that focuses on increasing women’s economic and social participation in the local community. We find that the program substantially increases women’s participation and household income, and also generates positive social benefits. Ou...

Income inequalities widened considerably from 1987 to 2007 in Finland. We compared the association between household income and health problems across three periods and in several different ways of modelling the dependence. Our aim was to find out whether the change in the distribution of income might have led to wider income-related inequalities in health problems. The data represent an 11-per...

We conduct a systematic empirical study of cross-sectional inequality in the United States, integrating data from the Current Population Survey, the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the Consumer Expenditure Survey, and the Survey of Consumer Finances. In order to understand how different dimensions of inequality are related via choices, markets, and institutions, we follow the mapping suggested ...

Between 1989 and 2005 the number of children receiving disability benefits from the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program in the U.S. increased from 0.26 million to 1.03 million. We utilize longitudinal data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) to estimate the effect of child SSI enrollment on total household income and the separate components of income, including ear...