in the present time, phenomenon like globalization, regionalism and economic integration are the basic issues which bring many positive consequences to the world economy. regionalism and economic integration are one of the ways that developing countries can adopt to collate the globalization process. to acknowledge their own abilities or, to settle the commercial and economic disputes in their ...

This study analyzes the impact of international trade on environmental efficiency. Using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model that allows us to treat undesirable outputs and super-efficiency beyond unity, we measure the environmental efficiency of four typical air pollutants—SO2, NOx, particulate matter 10 μm or less in diameter, and CO2—for 98 countries for the period 1970–2008. The resulti...

the main purpose of this article is analyzing the disadvantages of the third world’s administrative systems. the cause effects of these disadvantage and deficits are as underdevelopment aspects such as economical, industrial, etc. at first glance, the article analysis the general characteristics of the third world countries. characteristics such as: producer of materials, explosion population, ...

Rapid and sustained growth in international trade has long been a hallmark of successful growth and development strategies among the East Asian countries. During the 1990s new low-income entrants to world markets like Cambodia and Vietnam achieved annual average export growth rates of 20-30%, suggesting the continued possibility of reproducing the earlier and better known export success stories...

This paper investigates the effects of U.S. AD actions on DCs. It first considers administrative actions by the U.S. Department of Commerce, which decides AD margins for countries. It then considers decision making by the U.S. International Trade Commission, which determines injury to domestic industry. The econometric results show that USDOC actions lead to significantly higher AD margins for ...

The world is characterized by huge nutritional inequities. Undernutrition, especially among children, persists at unacceptably high levels, leading to poor health in the poorest and most vulnerable communities around the world. At the same time, a “nutrition transition” to energy-dense, poorquality diets is occurring, leading to obesity and diet-related chronic diseases (DRCD) among poor popula...

if global trade were fair, it is argued, then international aid would be unnecessary and inequalities inherent to the economic system would be justifiable. here, we argue that while global trade is unfair, in part because richer countries set the rules, we believe that additional interventions must go beyond trade regulation and short-term aid to redress inequalities among countries that will p...

Four points are made about globalization and health. First, economic integration is a powerful force for raising the incomes of poor countries. In the past 20 years several large developing countries have opened up to trade and investment, and they are growing well — faster than the rich countries. Second, there is no tendency for income inequality to increase in countries that open up. The hig...