This study examines bank risk by investigating the equity and loan portfolio characteristics of publicly-traded bank holding companies. Unlike the pattern for non-financial firms, equity betas of large banks are two to five times greater than those of small banks. In explaining this, we note that regulation imposes an effective cap on banks’ equity volatility. Because the portfolios of small ba...

This study investigates the profit efficiency (PROFEFF) of small banks (those under $500 million in total assets) for 1990–96. Assuming that small banks and large banks use the same production technology, we find, consistent with Berger and Mester [J. Bank. Finance 21 (1997) 875], that small banks are more profit efficient than large banks. Small banks in non-metropolitan statistical areas (non...

Developments in risk-transfer instruments and risk management techniques in the last two decades have fundamentally changed how banks manage their assets and liabilities. In this document we show that, for all three sectors of German universal banks (private commercial banks, savings banks, and cooperative banks), asset-liability dependency declined over the period 1994-2007, the decline was st...

According to the Basel III regulatory framework, uniform minimum liquidity requirements have been imposed on all types of banks. Using an agent-based model of a banking system, we investigate the effects of liquidity requirements on banks' insolvency under two policy experiments in one of which the minimum liquidity requirements are applied uniformly and in the other differentially across banks...

Cooperative banks are an important, and growing, part of many financial systems. The paper analyzes empirically the role of cooperative banks in financial stability. Contrary to some suggestions in the literature, we find that cooperative banks are more stable than commercial banks. This finding is due to much lower volatility of the cooperative banks’ returns, which more than offsets their low...

Indian banking industry has transformed in recent years due to the globalization market which has resulted in fierce competition. This new competitive environment has resulted in new challenges for the Indian banks especially for public sector banks to retain their share. The present paper is mainly concerned with the analysis of factors that influence the performance of banks. The paper examin...

Because of the Increasing competition between enterprises in the current competitive market, the importance of continuous performance evaluation in the marketplace has increased. It has become increasingly important for banks, because as a key component of the financial system, banks allocate funds from savers to borrowers in an efficient manner to support economic activities. Along with the in...

Unitary and nonunitary lter banks with uniform frequency separation have been extensively studied in the past. Improvement in coding gain has been achieved when allowing for nonunitary lter banks in image coders. Subjective improvements can be achieved by employing nonuniform lter banks. The paper presents a method to construct nonuniform nonunitary perfect reconstruction lter banks. A polyphas...

The federal tax code creates challenges for comparing the profit rates of different banks on a consistent basis. The earnings of banks that elect to operate under subchapter S of the federal tax code are not subject to federal corporate income tax, but shareholders of these “S-banks” are taxed on their pro rata share of the entire earnings of the bank. The number of banks electing subchapter S ...

Banks are a vital part of the economy because they provide an important channel through which many businesses get their financing. However, as we know from the history of the United States and other countries, banks can be subject to runs and panics. A panic that encompasses a large part of the banking system can seriously disrupt economic activity. During a run, a bank experiences much heavier...