Mutations in the genes ovo or otu can cause abnormal proliferation of XX germ cells, which leads to so-called ovarian tumors, or they can lead to the elimination of XX germ cells, such that adult females possess empty ovaries. Males carrying ovo or otu mutations are unaffected. To find out when this sexual dimorphism affects germ cells, we analyzed the requirement of embryos and larvae for zygo...

BACKGROUND Vegan diet has been associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality, partly due to its effects on serum lipid profiles. Lipid profiles [high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG)] have not been fully elucidated either in pre and postmenopausal vegans or in ovo-lacto vegetarians. This study aimed...

Antigenic variants of influenza A virus strains emerge on serial passage in ovo in the presence of immune serum against different but related strains. An old laboratory strain (PR8) which had been through hundreds of animal passages was as readily modified by this procedure as recently recovered strains. Such variants apparently can be obtained at will and show antigenic patterns which are repr...

The effects of in ovo Peptide YY (PYY) administration on growth and feed conversion ratios in a commercial broiler line were investigated. Six hundred Ross male x Cobb female eggs were administered either 0.9% saline (control) or 600 microg/kg egg weight PYY in ovo at Day 18 of incubation. On day of hatching, 210 birds from each treatment group were randomly placed by sex into pens. Body weight...

Global warming caused by climate change can increase heat stress and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, leading to food problems livestock crises. Thus, pre-emptive responses are required mitigate the The potential of a crisis global highlights need for sustainable production in response using farm animal algorithm order address population avoid future. In particular, demand animal-based foods has...

Three dominant female-sterile mutations were isolated following ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. Females heterozygous for two of these mutations show atrophy of the ovaries and produce no eggs (ovo( D1)) or few eggs (ovo(D2)); females heterozygous for the third mutation, ovo(D3), lay flaccid eggs. All three mutations are germ line-dependent and map to the cytological region 4D-E on the...

This study was conducted in two steps to determine the effects of in ovo injection of zinc acetate (ZAC) on some gene expression associated with embryonic growth and development, and with growth and carcass characteristics of the resultant chicks. In the first step the effect of in ovo injectionofZAC on the expression of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs:IGF-I and IGF-I), myog...

Multiclass One-versus-One (OvO) SVM, which is constructed by assembling a group of binary classifiers, is usually treated as a black-box. The usual Multiclass Feature Selection (MFS) algorithm chooses an identical subset of features for every OvO SVM. We question whether the standard process of applying feature selection and then constructing the multiclass classifier is best. We propose that I...