The herbicide paraquat is considered safe by industry and the bulk of regulators worldwide. However, determinants of exposure from 30 years ago persist in developing countries. Little is known about systemic absorption from occupational exposures. The relationships between exposure determinants, levels of external exposure, biomarkers of exposure, and outcomes are not clear. High rates of sever...

I to even 5%, compared with about 01% in most Western countries. Ophthalmological disorders represent not only a larger problem but also a different one: in developed countries the most common cause of blindness is degenerative or vascular disorders of the retina while in the developing countries five major diseases are responsible for most of the blindness-namely, trachoma, xerophthalmia, cata...

Recent years have seen a remarkable expansion in economists’ ability to measure corruption. This, in turn, has led to a new generation of well-identified, microeconomic studies. We review the evidence on corruption in developing countries in light of these recent advances, focusing on three questions: how much corruption is there, what are the efficiency consequences of corruption, and what det...

Due to the importance of the government size impact on economic growth, the current study investigates the impact of government size on economic growth in economies of the developed and developing countries by using a panel data approach over the period 1990-2010. The results indicate that government size has positive effect on economic growth and negative effect on per capita production growth...

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently projected that in 2010, cancer would overtake ischemic heart disease as the leading cause of death in the world. Between 2005 – when some 7.6 million people died from cancer, accounting for 13% of global deaths – and 2015, it is anticipated that 84 million people will die of cancer. In 2008, approximately 72% of cancer deaths occurred in low and midd...

Despite the increasing importance of the Internet, there is little work that addresses the degree to which the models and theories of Internet diffusion in developed countries can be applied to Internet diffusion in developing countries. This paper presents the first attempt to address this issue through theory driven modeling of Internet diffusion. Consistent with previous research, our findin...

I ALL THE MAJOR CHALLENGES CURRENTLY FACING the world, whether it is climate change, terrorism and conflict or urbanization and demographic shifts, no progress is possible without the alleviation of poverty. To reduce poverty sustainably, however, reducing household vulnerability and increasing household resilience are also necessary. This aspect is often overlooked by policy-makers. For instan...

The rapid urbanization in many developing countries over the past half century seems to have been accompanied by excessively high levels of concentration of the urban population in very large cities. Some degree of urban concentration may be desirable initially to reduce interand intraregional infrastructure expenditures. But in a mature system of cities, economic activity is more spread out. S...