Based on the controversial beliefs among L2 teachers about effective corrective feedback (CF) strategies, recast and prompts as 2 kinds of CF have drawn the attention of L2 researchers(e.g., Braidi, 2002; Iwashita, 2003; Loewen & Philp, 2006; Panova & Lyster, 2002; Sheen, 2004). Despite these numbers of studies, debate continues to exist about their usefulness as a CF technique. Whereas recasts...

this study is a typological description of written formative feedback in an efl context in iran. twenty m.a. students of tefl participated in the study. they were required to summarize a scholarly article in each session on which the instructor would provide written corrective feedback (cf). written formative comments were extracted, coded, and categorized into various types, such as asking for...

We demonstrate that implicit beliefs influence trust. In an experiment, we induced one of two types of implicit beliefs: entity beliefs about negotiation ability (a belief that negotiation ability is fixed over time), and incremental beliefs about negotiation ability (a belief that negotiation ability can change over time). We find that people induced with entity beliefs maintain trust in their...

We consider exponentially large finite relational structures (with the universe {0, 1}) whose basic relations are computed by polynomial size (n) circuits. We study behaviour of such structures when pulled back by P/polymaps to a bigger or to a smaller universe. In particular, we prove that: 1. If there exists a P/poly map g : {0, 1} → {0, 1} , n < m, iterable for a proof system then a tautolog...

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common life-shortening, hereditary disease in whites, manifests itself principally in childhood. Patients presenting with CF as adults appear to be different when compared to patients diagnosed with CF during childhood. Often these patients have been previously diagnosed with asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema. We present a case of a woman diagnosed with CF a...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease that primarily affects the lungs and the digestive system, however, it also affects a number of other organs and systems. More than 90% of mortality of  CF patients is due to lung complications.  Healthy lungs are important for a long life for people with CF, We will discuss two important topics for maintaining respiratory health. Chronic use of drug...

cystic fibrosis (cf), the most common life-shortening, hereditary disease in whites, manifests itself principally in childhood. patients presenting with cf as adults appear to be different when compared to patients diagnosed with cf during childhood. often these patients have been previously diagnosed with asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema. we present a case of a woman diagnosed with cf a...