Reported here is the first case of massive infrapuhnonary hemorrhage emerging in the setting of systemic necrotizing vasculitis associated with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAG)-positive viral hepatitis. Demonstration of circulating immune complexes, cryoglobulins containing both HBsAg and RBsAb, and resolution of the symptoms following immunosuppressive therapy suggest an immune complex medi...

A study was performed to establish the value of immune adherence haemagglutination tests for antibody to hepatitis A virus in the diagnosis of non-B hepatitis. Infection with hepatitis A virus was confirmed in 14 out of 16 patients from six families and seven out of nine patients in whom the source of infection was unknown. One additional patient, who had had two episodes of jaundice, was shown...

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging viral disease known to cause acute hepatitis globally. Various genotypes of HEV have been identified that produce genotype specific lesions depending on the targeted population. Pregnant or immunosuppressed individuals develop significantly more severe in comparison general In last 40 years, we discovered tropism not restricted liver, and replication was d...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Studies of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, immunopathogenesis, and resulting liver diseases have been hampered by the lack of a small animal model. We developed humanized mice with human immune system and liver tissues to improve the studies of hepatitis C virus pathogenesis and treatment. METHODS To promote engraftment of human hepatocytes, we expressed a fusion protein ...

In both autoimmune liver disease and chronic viral hepatitis, the injury results from an immune-mediated cytotoxic T cell response to liver cells. As such, it is not surprising that CD4(+) regulatory T cells, a key regulatory population of T cells able to curb immune responses, could be involved in both autoimmune hepatitis and chronic viral hepatitis. The liver can induce the conversion of naï...

We studied the interactions of hepatitis B vaccine with other vaccines used in the World Health Organization expanded programs of immunization. Three groups of Senegalese children were vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine (HB) alone, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP)-polio vaccine alone, or a combination of hepatitis B vaccine and DTP-polio vaccines simultaneously. The immune responses to HBsAg...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a small and economically packaged double-stranded DNA virus, represents an enormous global health care burden. In spite of an effective vaccine, HBV is endemic in many countries. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) results in the development of significant clinical outcomes such as liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which are associated with high mortality rates. H...

PURPOSE We investigated the etiology of acute hepatitis in three children with systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA) taking Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA). METHODS Laboratory and clinical data for three children with sJIA diagnosed at ages 13 months to 8 years who developed acute hepatitis during treatment with IL1RA were reviewed for evidence of sJIA flare, infection, macr...

The hepatitis B prevalence rate in adults is still at a high to intermediate level in China. Our purpose was to explore the incidence rate and protective immune barrier against hepatitis B in adults in China. A sample of 317961 participants was multi-screened for hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) in a large-scale cohort of the National Hepatitis B Demonstration Project. A total of 5401 perso...