OBJECTIVE Vitex agnus-castus (VAC) and its essential oil have been traditionally used to treat many conditions and symptoms such as premenstrual problems, mastalgia, inflammation, sexual dysfunction, and pain. In this study, the effects of essential oil extracted from Vitex agnus-castus (EOVAC) leaves were investigated in three behavioral models of nociception in adult male Wistar rats. MATER...

BACKGROUND This single-blinded, three-armed randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of postexercise ice-water immersion (IWI), room-temperature water immersion (RWI), and no water immersion on the balance performance and knee joint proprioception of amateur rugby players. METHODS Fifty-three eligible amateur rugby players (mean age ± standard deviation: 21.6 ± 2.9 years) were...

BACKGROUND Appropriate oral hygiene is required to maintain oral health in denture wearers. This study aims to compare the role of denture cleaning methods in combination with overnight storage conditions on biofilm mass and composition on acrylic removable dentures. METHODS In a cross-over randomized controlled trial in 13 older people, 4 conditions with 2 different mechanical cleaning metho...

AIM This paper is focused on the investigation the effects of two polymeric matrices for indomethacin in cutaneous pain models in mice. There were used two different co-polymers polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate and undecan, polymerization reactions being conducted under nitrogen, at 80 degrees C. MATERIAL AND METHODS The experiments were carried out on white Swiss mice (20-25 g), divided into 6 ...

Ferulic acid is a caffeic acid derivative and a common phenolic compound quite abundant in various medicinal plants that used for pain relief. The antinociceptive effect of ferulic acid has been shown; however, the action mechanisms of ferulic acid still remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible mechanism of action of ferulic acid-induced antinociception i...

Ferulic acid is a caffeic acid derivative and a common phenolic compound quite abundant in various medicinal plants that used for pain relief. The antinociceptive effect of ferulic acid has been shown; however, the action mechanisms of ferulic acid still remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible mechanism of action of ferulic acid-induced antinociception i...

The evaluation of the efficacy of three commonly used acaricides viz. cypermethrin, deltamethrin (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% concentrations) and amitraz (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% concentrations) was conducted against the cattle tick Boophilus microplus. Three in vitro methods viz. Tea bag method, filter paper impregnation method and immersion method were used to evaluate the efficacy of the acaricides. Adult ...

This paper investigates the player experience of immersion and its relationship with player involvement in an experimental setting. The paper follows Calleja’s [3] premise that immersion, defined as “the player’s sensation of inhabiting the virtual environment represented onscreen”, is not a stand-alone experience but the result from a blending of a variety of experiential phenomena afforded by...

Immersion has been shown to be beneficial in a number of different application domains. We attempted to quantify the effect of immersion on 3D abstract data analysis. We developed a program to show users animated plasma flows in a CAVE [1] environment. Stereopsis and field of regard were varied in a user test involving flows around a sphere. Our results showed that the stereopsis helped users t...