Note: The opinions expressed in this paper represent those of the author and not necessarily those of the ILO or its constituent programs.

Learning outcomes of high quality are the basis of both, academic mobility and state-of-the-art curriculum design. Therefore a data base for learning outcomes on a European basis was implemented and is accessible since October 2010. The function of this web-based tool is to open the opportunity for European HE and CE institutions to publish intended learning outcomes (ILOs) of their study progr...

Listeriolysin O (LLO), an hly-encoded cytolysin from Listeria monocytogenes, plays an essential role in the entry of this pathogen into the macrophage cytoplasm and is also a key factor in inducing the production of IFN-gamma during the innate immune stage of infection. In this study, we examined the involvement of LLO in macrophage production of the IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines IL-12 and IL-18...

Despite recent stability and socioeconomic development, Brazil's history is marked by social inequality, informality, precarious work, and psychosocial vulnerability, with little opportunity for decent and meaningful work, as recommended by the International Labour Office (ILO), for people in the country. Nevertheless, based on a social constructionist view, the hypothesis can be raised that th...

Listeria monocytogenes evades the antimicrobial mechanisms of macrophages by escaping from the phagosome into the cytosolic space via a unique cytolysin that targets the phagosomal membrane, listeriolysin O (LLO), encoded by hly. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), which is known to play a pivotal role in the induction of Th1-dependent protective immunity in mice, appears to be produced, depending on...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Interlenticular opacification (ILO) is a recognised complication of piggyback intraocular lenses (IOLs). The aetiology, histopathology, and treatment are not clearly defined, however. METHODS Two pairs of AcrySof IOLs were explanted from a patient with bilateral ILO. The explantation technique and surgical challenges of IOL exchanges are described. The explanted IOL complexes ...

OBJECTIVES To better understand the relations between occupational exposure, blood antioxidant enzyme activities, total plasma antioxidant concentration, and the severity of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP). METHODS Blood samples were obtained from miners without CWP exposed to low dust concentrations for > or = 4 years at the time of the study (n = 105), or exposed to high dust concentrati...