Type IIa and IIb Na+-Pi cotransporters are highly conserved proteins expressed in brush border membranes of proximal tubules and small intestine, respectively. The kinetics of IIa and IIb differ significantly: type IIb is saturated at lower concentrations of Na+ and Pi. To define the domain responsible for the difference in Na+ affinity we constructed several mouse IIa-IIb chimeras as well as s...

The ant(4')-IIa gene was previously cloned from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on a 1.6-kb DNA fragment (G. A. Jacoby, M. J. Blaser, P. Santanam, H. Hächler, F. H. Kayser, R. S. Hare, and G. H. Miller, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 34:2381-2386, 1990). In the current study, the ant(4')-IIa gene was localized by gamma-delta mutagenesis. A region of approximately 600 nucleotides which contained the ant(4...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), an active constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and hypoxia-induced chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. To induce hypoxia, MCF-7 and HCC1973 cells were treated with 100 µM deferoxamine followed by doxorubicin (DOX). Cell viability and proliferation were exa...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the herbal medicine, tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), on vestibular schwannoma (VS) cells and assess the functional targets of Tan IIA. HEI‑193 cells and Nf2‑/‑mouse Schwann (SC4) cells were used to investigate the inhibitory effects of Tan IIA on VS. Cell viability was measured using an MTT assay and apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. ...

The multinomial logit model is perhaps the most commonly used regression model for nominal outcomes in the social sciences. A concern raised by many researchers, however, is the assumption of the independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) that is implicit in the model. In this article, the authors undertake a series of Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the three most commonly discussed tes...

Tanshinone IIA, extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, exerts neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. This study intravenously injected tanshinone IIA 20 mg/kg into rat models of spinal cord injury for 7 consecutive days. Results showed that tanshinone IIA could reduce the inflammation, edema as well as compensatory thickening of t...

Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) performs critical roles in atherosclerosis by inducing macrophage foam cell formation and promoting inflammation. There have been reports showing that oxLDL modulates macrophage cytoskeletal functions for oxLDL uptake and trapping, however, the precise mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. Our study examined the effect of oxLDL on non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (MHC...

BACKGROUND The increase of secretory phospholipase A2-IIa (sPLA2-IIa) in culprit coronary lesions is associated with myocardial infarction, and the increase of sPLA2-IIa in peripheral plasma levels has a significant risk and prognostic value in patients with coronary artery disease. Little is known about the prognostic significance of elevated serum sPLA2-IIa in post-acute myocardial infarction...

background : cryptosporidium, an intracellular protozean parasite, is among the major causative agents of gastroenteritis disorders in humans and also causing water-borne and food-borne outbreaks of diarrheal diseases. this study investigated subtypes of cryptosporidium in patients with gastrointestinal complaints in tehran, iran. methods: a total of 1685 fecal samples were collected from patie...