This paper describes in outline a method for translating Japanese temporal expressions into English. We argue that temporal expressions form a special subset of language that is best handled as a special module in machine translation. The paper deals with problems of lexical idiosyncrasy as well as the choice of articles and prepositions within temporal expressions. In addition temporal express...

treatment for all enteric cases is that one is apt to treat the disease only and forget the patient, lor in medical treatment the patient always requires careful study on account of " idiosyncrasy." Again, the body has a natural tendency towards recovery, and this must always be borne in: mind less in the effort to cut short the disease this power be impaired. Putting aside the question of trea...

Quantitative genetics has primarily focused on describing genetic effects on trait means and largely ignored the effect of alternative alleles on trait variability, potentially missing an important axis of genetic variation contributing to phenotypic differences among individuals. To study the genetic effects on individual-to-individual phenotypic variability (or intragenotypic variability), we...

Complex systems theory pays much attention to simple mechanisms producing nontrivial patterns, especially power laws. However, power laws with exponent τ ≈ 1 also result from complex mixtures of mechanisms that, in isolation, would not necessarily give this type of distribution. Probably, both paths to the power law are relevant in nature. The second gives a plausible explanation for some insta...

Purpose – The paper critiques a range of theories and evaluates their ability to provide a lens for explaining the idiosyncratic nature of small firms and their eBusiness adoption decisions. Design/methodology/approach – This literature review firstly summarises the existing research evidence which shows that small firms are idiosyncratic when it comes to eBusiness adoption. It then critiques t...

Drug idiosyncrasy is an adverse event of unknown etiology that occurs in a small fraction of people taking a drug. Some idiosyncratic drug reactions may occur from episodic decreases in the threshold for drug hepatotoxicity. Previous studies in rats have shown that modest underlying inflammation triggered by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can decrease the threshold for xenobiotic hepatotoxi...

This paper examines the unusual case and word order behavior of objects of infinitives in Lithuanian. In addition to lexically determined case idiosyncrasy, Lithuanian exhibits syntactically determined case idiosyncrasy: with infinitives in three distinct constructions, case possibilities other than accusative obtain. These cases (dative, genitive, and nominative) depend on the general clause s...