identification  of clinically  significant  nocardia  species  is essential  for the definitive diagnosis, predict antimicrobial susceptibility, epidemiological purposes,  and  for  an  effective  treatment.   conventional   identification   of nocardia species in routine medical laboratories which is based on phenotypic (cellular morphology, colonial characteristics), biochemical and enzymatic...

Typically agents have obligations of diiering importance. Consequently we give a hierarchical deenition of obligations, according to which an agent's obligations form a coherent hierarchy and new obligations are de-ned with reference to it. We then show how preferential entailment can be used to formalise the persistence and revision of obligation hierarchies.

Standard Deontic Logic (SDL) has been used as the underlying logic to model and reason over Multi-Agent Systems governed by norms (NorMAS). It is known that SDL is not able to represent contraryto-duty (CTD) scenarios in a consistent way. That is the case, for example, of the so-called Chisholm paradox, which models a situation in which a conditional obligation that specifies what must be done ...

Increasing public concerns about fungicide residues have prompted interests in biological control especially use of herb extracts derived from several medicinal plants as an alternative strategy for disease management. Recently tomato leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata has become epidemic in almost areas of Iran. This study was conducted for the identification of the effect of ant...

conclusions species identification of trichophyton is crucially important for epidemiological and phylogenetic purposes and for genotype delineation. rca based on its polymorphisms can be used to generate identification barcodes and as an alternative to dna sequencing; it is a very fast, specific, and economical tool for species identification. results of the 61 putative trichophyton clinical i...

Cheng and Holyoak (1985) proposed that realistic reasoning in deontic contexts is based on pragmatic schemas such as those for assessing compliance with or violation of permission and obligation rules, and that the evocation of these schemas can facilitate performance in Wason's (1966) selection task. A number of investigators have since obtained evidence that the dominant pattern of selections...

In evaluating any deontic claim, be it a claim about personal or impersonal obligation, we need a conception of the relevant possibilities. But which possibilities count as relevant will depend on whether we are evaluating claims about personal or impersonal obligation. When we are asking what a given agent, x, ought to do at time t, we hold fixed all those facts that are outside this agent‟s c...