Type 1 and 2 errors of courts deciding in medical malpractice trials a¤ect the physicians’provision of care. The paper at hand uses a principal-agent model to explain why uncertain liability prospects induce a welfare reducing separated equilibrium where altruistic physicians practice defensive medicine and sel…sh physicians act negligently. By minimizing the loss of welfare, it identi…es an op...

We study the drivers of geographic variation in U.S. health care utilization, using an empirical strategy that exploits migration of Medicare patients to separate the role of demand and supply factors. Our approach allows us to account for demand differences driven by both observable and unobservable patient characteristics. Within our sample of over-65 Medicare beneficiaries, we find that 40–5...

In many developing country settings, and particularly in rural areas, the implementation of anything more than very rudimentary contracts for medical care providers, including public employees, is virtually impossible. In this paper, we examine the kinds of policy levers that governments might conceivably have available to induce physicians to serve in rural areas. Using simple models of screen...

If profit maximization is the objective of a firm, new information about quality should affect firm behavior only through its effects on market demand. I consider an alternate model in which suppliers are motivated by a desire to perform well in addition to profit. The introduction of quality “report cards” for cardiac surgery in Pennsylvania provides an empirical setting to isolate the relativ...

Previously reported at a temperature of 298 (2) K [Lee & Joo (2007 ▶). Acta Cryst. E63, i11-i13], the title compound, K(7)[H(9)α-Pt(2)Mo(12)O(48)]·11H(2)O or K(7)[H(4.5)α-PtMo(6)O(24)](2)·11H(2)O, was redetermined at 146 (2) K in order to determine whether the H atom in the hydrogen bond that crosses the center of symmetry was located at the center of symmetry or disordered around it as assumed...

We evaluate whether hospital adoption of electronic medical records (EMRs) leads to increases in billing where financial gains are large or where hassle costs of complete coding are low. The 2007 Medicare payment reform varied both financial incentives and hassle costs of coding. We find no significant impact of financial incentives on billing levels, inconsistent with bill inflation. However, ...

We analytically characterize the effects of ownership and competition in the health care industry on quality provision, market coverage and optimal co-payment policy. A private monopoly selects a lower quality than a public supplier, and the socially optimal co-payment rate with a private monopoly exceeds that with a public monopoly. We establish that the optimal co-payment policy is invariant ...

We present a hospital non-price competition model to investigate two important concerns when a global budgeting system is applied to the expenditure cap policy and the expenditure target policy. Our results indicate that (1) the treadmill effect, (describing a phenomenon whereby health care providers provide more health care services with a lower reimbursed price under the expenditure cap polic...

The American Medical Association and the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America have developed new standards to curb the influence sales representatives may have on physicians’ drug choices. Yet the literature fails to clarify the extent to which shares of prescriptions for branded drugs are driven by advertising to physicians or by usage persistence in choices. Using unique aggre...

The normal modes have been calculated for structures having the dihedral angles of the four @-turns of insulin. Frequencies are predicted in the amide I region near 1652 and 1680 cm-’. The former overlaps the a-helix band at 1658 cm-l in the Raman spectrum, while the latter accounts for the hitherto unassignable band a t 1681 cm-’. Calculated amide I11 frequencies extend above 1300 cm-I, provid...