More effective therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) are needed to improve the high morbidity and mortality associated with this frequently encountered clinical condition. Ischemic and/or hypoxic preconditioning attenuates susceptibility to ischemic injury, which results from both oxygen and nutrient deprivation and accounts for most cases of AKI. ...

This work aims at investigating the neuroprotective effects of neuroglobin (Ngb) in vivo and in vitro. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to examine Ngb mRNA and protein levels in the mouse cortex after acute and repeated exposure to hypoxia. The cDNAs of mouse Ngb were cloned and transfected into SH-SY5Y cells to examine Ngb function in vitro. Expression of Ngb and mRNA was upregulated in t...

Zhang, Shelley XL., James J. Miller, David Gozal, and Yang Wang. Whole-body hypoxic preconditioning protects mice against acute hypoxia by improving lung function. J Appl Physiol 96: 392–397, 2004; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00829.2003.—Survival in severe hypoxia such as occurs in high altitude requires previous acclimatization, which is acquired over a period of days to weeks. It was unknown whether...

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important candidates for MSC-based cellular therapy. Current paradigm states that MSCs support local progenitor cells in damaged tissue through paracrine signaling. Therefore, study of paracrine effects and secretome of MSCs could lead to the appreciation of mechanisms and molecules associated with the therapeutic effects of these cells. This study ...

Photothrombotic model of ischemia (PT) is based on free radical-mediated endothelial dysfunction followed by thrombosis. Free radicals are also involved in hypoxic preconditioning. We tested the sensitivity of PT to preconditioning with hypobaric hypoxia and to pretreatment with melatonin. In adult Wistar rats, after intravenous application of Rose Bengal, a stereo-tactically defined spot on th...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of maternal remote ischemic preconditioning (IPCr) in the colonic mucosa of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation. METHODS Newborn Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Control Group (CG), Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Group (HRG) and Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Group (IPCrG). Hypoxia and reoxygenation was performed 2x per day, with an inter...

Spinal hemisection at C2 reveals caudal synaptic pathways that cross the spinal midline (crossed phrenic pathways) and can restore inspiratory activity in ipsilateral phrenic motoneurons. Intermittent hypoxia induces plasticity in the cervical spinal cord, resulting in enhanced inspiratory phrenic motor output. We hypothesized that chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) (alternating 11% O(2) and ai...

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes skeletal muscle infarction and ischemic preconditioning (IPC) augments ischemic tolerance in animal models. To date, this has not been demonstrated in human skeletal muscle. This study aimed to develop an in vitro model to investigate the efficacy of simulated IPC in human skeletal muscle. Human skeletal muscle strips were equilibrated in oxygenated Kreb...

Organisms have developed complex endogenous defenses to counter environmental stress. The successful resistance to adversarial conditions, such as calorie or oxygen deprivation, has ensured that the strongest will survive. This lies at the root of preconditioning, that is, what is survived will strengthen; surviving mild forms of injury leads to tolerance of otherwise noxious injury. Preconditi...