Direct development is a common reproductive mode in living amphibians characterized by absence of the free-living, aquatic larval stage. In Eleutherodactylus, a species-rich genus of New World frogs, evolution of direct development from the ancestral biphasic ontogeny is correlated with a comprehensive modification in embryonic cranial patterning, including the loss of many larval-specific comp...

The contribution of cranial neural crest cells to the development and patterning of cranial muscles in amphibians was investigated in the phylogenetically basal and morphologically generalized frog, Bombina orientalis. Experimental methods included fluorescent marking of premigratory cranial neural crest and extirpation of individual migratory streams. Neural crest cells contributed to the conn...

The neural crest is a uniquely vertebrate cell type that gives rise to much of the craniofacial skeleton, pigment cells and peripheral nervous system, yet its specification and diversification during embryogenesis are poorly understood. Zebrafish homozygous for the lockjaw (low) mutation show defects in all of these derivatives and we show that low (allelic with montblanc) encodes a zebrafish t...

Mat erial and Methods: because of its anatomical and functional relationship with the craniofacial complex, we assessed the cephalometry of the hyoid bone position in relation to the respiratory pattern of these 53 female children, with average age of 10 years; 28 of them are nasal breathers and 25 are oral breathers. Horizontal, vertical and angular cephalometric measures were used in order to...

MATERIAL AND METHODS because of its anatomical and functional relationship with the craniofacial complex, we assessed the cephalometry of the hyoid bone position in relation to the respiratory pattern of these 53 female children, with average age of 10 years; 28 of them are nasal breathers and 25 are oral breathers. Horizontal, vertical and angular cephalometric measures were used in order to d...

INTRODUCTION Thyroglosal duct cyst is a common anomaly with an incidence of 7% in adults, the rate of carcinoma in TGDC is 0.7-1.6%, and are extremely rare those originated in the hyoid bone. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 60 years old male patient, had a hard mass in the anterior neck. CT revealed a hyoid tumor. Hyoid bone resection was performed, the pathological report show a conventional papillar...

BACKGROUND Secondary tumours of the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage are extremely rare. In this paper, we present a case of the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage metastases in a patient treated for sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma. CASE REPORT Four years after sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma was diagnosed and treated with surgery and chemotherapy, the patient developed bone metastases in the left sa...

introduction: pleomorphic adenomas are tumors mostly originating from salivary glands. these lesions in the larynx are very rare. case report: we report a rare case of pleomorphic adenoma that originated from the mucosal lining, just above the glottic area at the level of the laryngeal ventricle in a 55-year-old female patient. the tumor could not be palpated easily but was observed in the ct s...

We first want to express appreciation for publishing “Hyoid Surgery Alone for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis” in a recent issue of The Laryngoscope. We recognize the need for an improved understanding of the isolated hyoid procedures for patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, our own experience regarding hyoid myotomy with mandibular susp...

OBJECTIVE Fractures of the hyoid bone are rare occurrences. They are mainly caused by strangulation/asphyxiation injuries, trauma to the neck, and motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). As a result of their rarity, proper treatment guidelines are not in place for dealing with these injuries. In this study, a systematic literature review was conducted with the goal of identifying optimal management for...