OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the multi-glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii (GTW) on Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. METHODS Twenty-seven 8-week-old, female NOD mice were divided into the GTW group, the hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) group, and control (normal saline) group, and received corresponding treatment for 16 weeks. The treatment-induced chan...

RATIONALE According to the metabolic symbiosis model, cancer stromal fibroblasts could be hijacked by surrounding cancer cells into a state of autophagy with aerobic glycolysis to help provide recycled nutrients. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether combined treatment with the autophagy inhibitor: hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and the autophagy inducer: sirolimus (rapamycin, Rapa) wo...

Aim: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely administered to patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19. It may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias associated QT and QTc prolongation. This study aimed assess change in iCEB, a new marker drug-induced arrhythmia, other repolarization parameters COVID-19 treated short-course HCQ.
 Material Method: was retrospective cross-sectional includin...

ABSTRACT - In this study, we address how YouTube videos promote misinformation about hydroxychloroquine in Brazil. We follow two research questions. RQ1: How is pro-hydroxychloroquine content propagated on YouTube? RQ2: does YouTube’s recommendation system suggest the platform? use mixed methods (content analysis and social network analysis) to analyze 751 videos. found that most pro-HCQ our da...

Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are antimalarial drugs, with anti-inflammatory properties that justify their use in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus rheumatic diseases. A pandemic caused by new coronavirus led entire world’s scientific community to look for drugs already available on market, capable exercising beneficial actions fight against disease. Preliminary stud...

In recent years of immunology, the understanding innate immunity has deepened, and concept been proposed even in area acquired immune subjects. The conventional immunosuppressive treatments have mainly controlled step immunity. However, involvement was clarified for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which confirmed to be very effective cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). This review introduces mechani...

Numerous synthetic methods for the continuous preparation of fine chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients (API's) have been reported in recent years resulting in a dramatic improvement in process efficiencies. Herein we report a highly efficient continuous synthesis of the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Key improvements in the new process include the elimination of protecti...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by inflammation and an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigates possible associations between CVD and the use of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in RA. Using a case control design, 613 RA patients (5,649 patient-years) were studied, 72 with CVD and 541 without CVD. Data on RA, CVD and drug tre...

Autophagy is the process of lysosome-mediated degradation and recycling that functions as an adaptive survival mechanism during anti-cancer therapy. Aberrant activation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway frequently occurs in solid tumors, including cervical cancer. However, single-agent PI3K inhibitors show modest anti-tumor efficacy in clinics. To see whether autophagy inhibition ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of sulfasalazine (SSZ) compared to placebo and other disease modifying drugs. METHODS A metaanalysis was performed on 15 randomized clinical trials of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that included SSZ (2 g/day average dose, 36 weeks average followup) as a treatment. Eight trials included a placebo group (PL), 2 hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) (350 mg/day average...