We report on the synthesis of a series poly(ester-anhydride) composed following dicarboxylic acids: adipic, suberic, sebacic, dodecanedioic acids; and hydroxyalkanoic ricinoleic 12-hydroxystearic acid with control molecular weight approaching from new method in which well-defined ester monomers are first synthesized by stepwise addition acids molecules into melted acids. The key advantage this ...

Three enzymatic routes toward ?-hydroxy-?-amino acids by tandem aldol addition–transamination one-pot two-step reactions are reported. The approaches feature an enantioselective addition of pyruvate to various nonaromatic aldehydes catalyzed trans-o-hydroxybenzylidene hydratase-aldolase (HBPA) from Pseudomonas putida. This affords chiral 4-hydroxy-2-oxo acids, which were subsequently enantiosel...

A method providing a high yield (80–94%) for producing gamma-hydroxy-butanoic acids hydrazides by the interaction of various representatives cyclic esters with 85% hydrazine hydrate has been elaborated. It established that introduction gamma-hydroxypropyl residue into composition results in new biological properties.

Biosynthesis of the longer saturated fat ty acids can be considered to involve two steps: (I) synthesis of a primary fa t ty acid, usually palmitate, and (2) chain lengthening of the primary acid by addition of acetate moieties. The odd-numbered acids appear to be made by the same enzyme systems, starting with propionate instead of acetate at the e-end. We present here evidence that a similar p...

A Pd-catalyzed arylation of lactic acid employing 8-aminoquinoline as the directing group has been reported. The protocol is found to be compatible with a broad range of synthetically useful functional groups, thus providing a practical route to chiral β-aryl-α-hydroxy acids. Further, the new reaction has also been applied to the synthesis of pharmaceutically important α-hydroxy acids, such as ...

Seed-specific expression in Arabidopsis thaliana of oleate hydroxylase enzymes from castor bean and Lesquerella fendleri resulted in the accumulation of hydroxy fatty acids in the seed oil. By using various Arabidopsis mutant lines it was shown that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) n-3 desaturase (FAD3) and the FAE1 condensing enzyme are involved in the synthesis of polyunsaturated and very-long-...

Quantitative fatty acid compositions are reported for human cerebral gray matter glycolipids (gangliosides, cerebrosides, and cerebroside sulfates) in Alzheimer's disease (presenile dementia) and related disorders of the central nervous system. Although the fatty acid compositions were generally similar to those of the controls, some significant differences were noted in Alzheimer's disease whi...

Objective: Cardiovascular disease, a major cause of mortality and morbidity, exhibits sexual dimorphism since the onset cardiovascular disease occurs later in women than men. The loss cardioprotection older may be due to an increase arterial stiffness after menopause. Free fatty acid metabolites polyunsaturated acids, called oxylipins, are known impact vessel function responsible for vascular b...