Physically based model of the hydrological cycle of a forest basin was developed. The model includes description of processes of liquid water and snow interception by forest canopy, snow accumulation and melt, vertical soil moisture transfer and evapotranspiration, overland, subsurface and channel flow. The case-study has been carried out on the basis of experimental observations on the Valday ...

Distributed hydrological models rely on a spatial discretization composed of homogeneous units representing different areas within the catchment. Hydrological Response Units (HRUs) typically form the basis of such a discretization. HRUs are generally obtained by intersecting raster or vector layers of land uses, soil types, geology and sub-catchments. Polylines maps representing ditches and riv...

rainfall-runoff is one of complex hydrological processes that is affected by a variety of physical and hydrological factors. in this study statistical method armax model, neural network, neuro-fuzzy (anfis subtractive clustering and grid partition) and two hybrid models of this methods were used to simulate rainfall-runoff and prediction of streamflow. in each method optimum structure was deter...

Sustainable water management requires the quantification of the spatial and temporal changes of water balance variables. Fully distributed hydrological simulations of these variables are especially in regions with weak infrastructure challenging, because the required meteorological input data are often not available in a sufficient spatial and temporal resolution. One possibility to deal with t...

Mountain ranges are the world's natural water towers and provide water resources for millions of people. However, their hydrological balance and possible future changes in river flow remain poorly understood because of high meteorological variability, physical inaccessibility, and the complex interplay between climate, cryosphere, and hydrological processes. Here, we use a state-of-the art glac...