Nowadays, we face a series of global challenges, including the growing depletion fossil energy, environmental pollution, and warming. The replacement coal, petroleum, natural gas by secondary energy resources is vital for sustainable development. Hydrogen (H2) considered ultimate in 21st century because its diverse sources, cleanliness, low carbon emission, flexibility, high efficiency. H2 fuel...

Hydrogen is an essential substance for green-energy applications. The production of hydrogen-based on renewable energy sources has a critical role in this context. Thermochemical methods based solar are getting attention hydrogen sustainable manner. It possible to produce without the need purification via two-step thermochemical water splitting (TWS) method. thermodynamics and kinetics redox re...

multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwnt’s) were synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (cvd) method in a fluidized bed reactor under the flow of methane and hydrogen gases. a cobalt-molybdenum/magnesium oxide (co-mo/mgo) nanocatalyst was used as the catalyst of the process. the samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (sem) and x-ray diffraction (xrd) analyses. the effects of d...

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEISS) have been used to study the effects of various surface preparations and thermal treatments on the composition of the near-surface region ( 7 atomic layers) and the topmost atomic layer of a polycrystalline Pd70Cu30 alloy. Palladium enrichment (relative to the bulk composition) is observed in the XPS-access...

The pre-pilot scale synthesis of 1-phenylethanol was carried out by the cathodic hydrogenation of acetophenone in a 100 cm 2 (geometric area) Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrochemical Reactor. The cathode was a Pd/C electrode. Hydrogen oxidation on a gas diffusion electrode was chosen as anodic reaction in order to take advantage of the hydrogen evolved during the reduction. This hydrogen ox...

Metal membranes play a vital role in hydrogen purification. Defect-free membranes can exhibit effectively infinite selectivity but must also provide high fluxes, resistance to poisoning, long operational lifetimes, and low cost. Alloying offers one route to improve on membranes based on pure metals such as palladium. We show how ab initio calculations and coarse-grained modeling can accurately ...

This paper presents wafer-scale palladium silver alloy membranes, fabricated with a sequence of wellknown thin film and silicon micromachining techniques. The membranes have been tested in a gas permeation system to determine the hydrogen permeability and hydrogen selectivity. Typical flow rates of 1 mol H2 /m.s have been measured with a minimal selectivity of 1500 for H2/He. The membranes have...