Comparative DNA sequence studies between humans and nonhuman primates will be important for understanding the genetic basis of the phenotypic differences between these species. Here we compare approximately 27 Mb of human chromosome 21 with chimpanzee DNA sequences identifying 57 genomic rearrangements (deletions and insertions ranging in size from 0.2 to 8.0 kb) between the two species. These ...

The various social sciences emerged as distinct modes of inquiry in the latter part of the 19th century. Enlightenment thinking about the inevitable march of human progress was coupled with a metaphorical use of concepts and terms from the other established sciences of physics and biology. The transfer of metaphors between areas of inquiry, back and forth and back again, has characterized schol...

Two kinds of evidence suggest that female fertility may end at an earlier age in modern people than in ancestral populations or in our closest living relatives, chimpanzees. We investigate both to see whether fertility schedules or ovarian follicle counts falsify the alternative hypothesis that the age of terminal fertility changed little in the human lineage while greater longevity evolved due...

The paper reports findings from empirical research conducted across a range of supply networks. Three key research questions are addressed, one at the level of the firm, one at the supply chain level, one at the national level. Risk is seen to take different forms at each level of intervention.

This work explores the notion that low-frequency, acquired aneuploidy may play a role in complex genetic traits such as essential hypertension. To this end, renal epithelial cells in urinary sediments and in renal cysts were examined by fluorescent in situ hybridization with DNA probes specific for the heterochromatic and centromere regions of chromosomes 16 and 1. Chromosome 16 was probed beca...

The mammalian in vivo chromosome aberration test is used for the detection of structural chromosome aberrations induced by the test substance to the bone marrow cells of animals, usually rodents (1)(2)(3)(4). Structural chromosome aberrations may be of two types, chromosome or chromatid. An increase in polyploidy may indicate that a chemical has the potential to induce numerical aberrations. Wi...